Igihe cyo gupima imikorere y’ibikoresho bipima amashanyarazi (clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters) ntabwo gisanzwe kandi kigomba kugenwa hashingiwe ku buryo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, amabwiriza agenga inganda, ibisabwa mu gupima neza, ndetse no kudahindagurika kw’ibikoresho. Ubusanzwe bishyirwa mu byiciro bibiri: "intera rusange zisabwa" na "conditions zidasanzwe zo gutera."
I. Ibihe Rusange Bisabwa mu Gupima (Bishingiye ku Guhagarara kw'Imikorere)
Bitewe n'ubukana bw'ikoreshwa, ibihe rusange byo gupima bikunze gushyirwa mu byiciro bikurikira:
| Ishusho y'Ikoreshwa | Intera yo Gupima Ireme Isabwa | Impamvu y'ingenzi |
|---|---|---|
| Imikorere y'ingenzi mu nganda (urugero, gutanga imiti ikoreshwa mu gupima ingufu kugira ngo habeho ibidukikije) | Imyaka 1–2 | Bikubiyemo umutekano w'umusaruro no kubara ikiguzi, bisaba ubuziranenge bwo gupima (ubusanzwe ± 1%–± 2%), bigasaba ko byemezwa kenshi. |
| Igenzura ry’ibikorwa remezo by’umujyi (urugero, imibare y’amazi/imiyoboro y’amazi mabi, amazi azenguruka HVAC) | Imyaka 2–3 | Ibisabwa mu buryo buringaniye (± 2%–± 3%) hamwe n'imiterere y'imikorere ihamye, ariko hakenewe igenzura rya buri gihe ry'iyubahirizwa ry'amakuru. |
| Gukurikirana ibikorwa rusange (urugero, amazi akonjesha y'ibikoresho, kwimura ibikoresho bitari iby'ingenzi) | Imyaka 3–5 | Yibanda ku "gukurikirana imiterere" hamwe n'ibisabwa bike byo gukora neza (± 3%–± 5%), bigatuma habaho igihe kirekire. |
II. "Imiterere yihariye y'ibitera" isaba gupimwa hakiri kare
Gusuzuma cyangwa kugenzura bigomba gukorwa ako kanya niba hari kimwe muri ibi bikurikira kibayeho, nubwo igihe gisanzwe kitaragera:
- Ihindagurika ridasanzwe mu makuru y'ibipimo
Iyo agaciro k'icyuma gipima ubwikorezi bw'amazi gahuye cyane n'imiterere y'imikorere (urugero: inshuro za pompe, umuvuduko w'imiyoboro, ibipimo by'imikorere yo hejuru/iy'inyuma) — urugero, pompe ifite umuvuduko wa metero 100/h ariko metero ikomeza kugaragaza metero 120/h cyangwa metero 80/h nta mpamvu ifatika — kudahuza neza kw'ibikoresho cyangwa guhindagurika kw'ibipimo bishobora kuba ari byo bitera ikibazo, bigasaba ko habaho gupima kugira ngo hamenyekane ibibazo. - Ibikoresho bihura n'ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa imvururu z'umubiri
- Kunyeganyega, ingaruka, cyangwa kwimuka kw'imiyoboro bigabanya uburyo sensor ifata icyuma.
- Impinduka nini zitunguranye mu bushyuhe cyangwa ubushyuhe bw'ikintu cyapimwe (urugero, kuva ku kirere kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi zirenga 100) cyangwa kwiyongera k'imyanda/utubumbe.
- Ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi, imirabyo, cyangwa ubushuhe bwinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imbere mu kirere cyangwa ku buryo bwo gupima neza.
- Nyuma yo gukuraho/gusubizamo sensor
Ibikoresho byo gupima ibyuma bikoresha ibyuma bikingira amashanyarazi byishingikiriza ku gukorana cyane n'inyuma y'umuyoboro (bifashijwemo n'ibikoresho byo gufunga/gufunga). Kubikuraho no kongera kubishyiraho (urugero, mu rwego rwo kubungabunga cyangwa kugenzura umuyoboro) bishobora guhindura aho uherereye, inguni, cyangwa igitutu cy'umuyoboro, bigasaba kongera gupima kugira ngo harebwe ko ari ukuri. - Amategeko agenga inganda cyangwa ibisabwa mu igenzura
Inganda zimwe na zimwe (urugero, peteroli, gaze, ibiribwa, imiti) zigengwa n’amategeko y’igihugu cyangwa igenzura ry’abantu ba gatatu, bisaba gupimwa mu bihe runaka (urugero, mbere y’igenzura ry’umutekano rya buri mwaka) kugira ngo habeho kubahiriza amabwiriza (urugero, Itegeko ry’Ubushinwa rigenga imiterere y’ubucuruzi). - Ibikoresho bisaza cyangwa nyuma yo gusana
Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi bimaze imyaka irenga 5 bikoreshwa, cyangwa ibifite ibice by'ingenzi byasimbuwe (urugero, mainboard, sensors), bishobora guhura n'ikibazo cyo guhindagurika kw'ibice bigasaba gupimwa kugira ngo bigarure ubuziranenge.
III. Uburyo bwo gupima no gusuzuma
- Uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima
- Kugereranya aho ibintu bigeze: Gukoresha icyuma gipima ubwikorezi gisanzwe (urugero: icyuma gipima ubwikorezi gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasonic cyangwa electromagnetic flowmeter) kugira ngo upime umuyoboro umwe, ugereranya ihindagurika (ryoroshye kandi rihendutse ku nganda nyinshi).
- Gupima imiterere y'amazi muri laboratwari: Kohereza icyuma gipima imiterere y'amazi mu kigo cyemewe na CNAS kugira ngo gipime imiterere y'amazi ku bikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu gupima imiterere y'amazi (ubuziranenge buhanitse, bukwiriye ubucuruzi cyangwa inzira z'ingenzi).
- Uburyo bwo "kugenzura byoroheje" bwa buri munsi
Mu gihe hatabayeho gupima neza, igenzura ryoroshye rikoresha "uburyo bwa "pipeline static volume" rishobora gukorwa: Gufunga valve zo hejuru/zo hasi, kwandika umurambararo w'umuyoboro, uburebure, n'igihe cyo kuzuza umuyoboro, hanyuma ugereranye uburyo amazi anyuramo n'igipimo cy'umuyoboro (kubera gusa gusesengura, ntabwo ari ugusimbura gupima neza).
Incamake
Igihe cyo gupima imikorere y'ibikoresho bipima amashanyarazi bigomba kuba "bishingiye ku bikenewe": imyaka 1-2 ku bintu by'ingenzi, imyaka 2-3 ku ikoreshwa rusange, n'imyaka 3-5 ku bintu bitari iby'ingenzi. Bigomba kandi guhindurwa mu buryo bworoshye hashingiwe ku mimerere yihariye nk'ibitagenda neza mu makuru, ihungabana ry'ibikoresho, cyangwa ibisabwa n'amategeko. Gupima buri gihe bitanga icyizere cyo gupima neza, bigatahura amakosa ashobora kubaho hakiri kare, kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibikoresho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-04-2025