Ese icyuma gipima ingano y'amazi gishobora gukoreshwa?

Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi cyangwa igikoresho cyo gupima amazi gishobora gukoreshwa muri rusange mu bice bikurikira.

Icya mbere, inzira yo gukora mu nganda

Igipimo cy'amazi ni ubwoko bw'igikoresho n'igikoresho cyikora ku buryo bwikora, gikoreshwa cyane mu byuma, inganda z'amashanyarazi, amakara, abategura imiti, peteroli, ubwikorezi, ubwubatsi, imyenda, ibiribwa, ubuvuzi, ubuhinzi, kurengera ibidukikije n'ibindi bikorwa, ni uguteza imbere umusaruro w'inganda n'ubuhinzi no kuzigama ingufu. Igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo kunoza inyungu z'ubukungu n'urwego rw'imicungire gifite umwanya ukomeye mu bukungu bw'igihugu.

Mu gikoresho n'igikoresho gikora ikoranabuhanga, icyuma gipima imikorere gifite inshingano ebyiri z'ingenzi: nk'igikoresho cyo gupima sisitemu yo kugenzura imikorere n'icyuma gipima ingano y'ibikoresho byose.

Icya kabiri, gupima ingufu

Ingufu zigabanyijemo ingufu z'ibanze (amakara, peteroli, methane y'amakara, gaze ya peteroli na gaze karemano), ingufu za kabiri (amashanyarazi, koke, gaze y'ubukorano, peteroli itunganyijwe, gaze ya peteroli ivanze n'amazi, umwuka ushyushye) n'uburyo butwara ingufu (umwuka ufunze, ogisijeni, azote, hidrojeni, amazi). Gupima ingufu ni uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gucunga ingufu mu buryo bwa siyansi, kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ikoreshwa, no kunoza inyungu z'ubukungu. Igipimo cy'amazi ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'igipimo cy'amazi, amazi, gaze y'ubukorano, gaze karemano, umwuka ushyushye na peteroli. Izi ngufu zikoreshwa cyane zikoresha umubare munini cyane w'ibipimo by'amazi, ni byo bikoresho by'ingenzi cyane mu gucunga ingufu no kubara ubukungu.

Icya gatatu, imishinga yo kurengera ibidukikije

Gusohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere, imyanda y'amazi n'imyanda bihumanya ikirere n'umutungo kamere w'amazi, kandi bibangamira cyane ibidukikije by'abantu. Leta yashyize iterambere rirambye mu rutonde rwa politiki ya leta, kandi kurengera ibidukikije bizaba inshingano ikomeye mu kinyejana cya 21. Kugira ngo hagenzurwe ihumana ry'ikirere n'amazi, imicungire igomba gushimangirwa, kandi ishingiro ry'imicungire ni ukugenzura ihumana ry'ibintu bihumanya ikirere.

Igihugu cyacu gifata amakara nk'isoko nyamukuru y'ingufu, kandi gifite amamiliyoni y'imyobo isohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere buri gihe. Kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu ihumana ry'imyanda. Buri myobo igomba gushyirwaho ibipimo byo gupima umwotsi n'ibipimo by'amazi, bigizwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ihujwe. Igipimo cy'amazi ihumanya ikirere giterwa n'uburemere bwa Cioran, ari byo bikurikira: ingano nini y'imyobo n'imiterere idahuye, imiterere ya gazi ihindagurika, ingano nini y'amazi aturuka mu kirere, umwanda, ivumbi, ingese, ubushyuhe bwinshi, nta gice cy'imiyoboro igororotse, nibindi.

Icya kane, Ubwikorezi

Hari uburyo butanu: gari ya moshi, umuhanda, umwuka, amazi, n'imiyoboro. Nubwo gutwara imiyoboro kuva kera, ntabwo ikoreshwa cyane. Kubera ikibazo gikomeye cyo kurengera ibidukikije, imiterere y'imiyoboro irakurura abantu. Gutwara imiyoboro bigomba kuba bifite icyuma gipima ubwiyongere bw'amazi, ni ryo jisho ry'igenzura, ikwirakwizwa ry'amazi n'igenamigambi, ni na cyo gikoresho cya mbere cyo kugenzura umutekano no kubara ubukungu.

Gatanu, Biotechnology

Ikinyejana cya 21 kizazana ikinyejana cy’ubumenyi bw’ubuzima, kandi inganda zirangwa n’ikoranabuhanga rya biotekinoloji zizatera imbere vuba. Hari ibintu byinshi bigomba gukurikiranwa no gupimwa muri biotekinoloji, nk'amaraso, inkari n'ibindi. Guteza imbere ibikoresho biragoye cyane, ubwoko butandukanye.

Igerageza rya gatandatu, rya siyansi

Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi gikenewe mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi si kinini gusa, ahubwo ni n'ubwoko bugoye cyane. Dukurikije imibare, igice kinini cy'ubwoko burenga 100 bw'ibipimo by'amazi birakenewe mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ntibikorerwa ku bwinshi, ntibigurishwa ku isoko, ibigo byinshi by'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n'ibigo binini bishyirwaho amatsinda yihariye yo gukora ibipimo by'amazi.

Icya karindwi, Iteganyagihe ry'ikirere cyo mu mazi, imigezi n'ibiyaga

Utu duce two gufunguriramo umuyoboro w’amazi, muri rusange tugomba kumenya umuvuduko w’amazi, hanyuma tukabara umuvuduko w’amazi. Fiziki na hydrodynamike by’ikimenyetso cy’amashanyarazi n’ikimenyetso cy’amazi ni ibintu bisanzwe ariko ihame n’imiterere y’igikoresho n’imiterere y’imikorere biratandukanye cyane.