Igipimo cy'amazi anyuramoni ihuriro ry'ingenzi mu gutanga amazi mu mijyi, gutunganya amazi yanduye, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gukora imiti ikomoka ku binyabutabire. Ibipimo gakondo by'amazi nk'ubwoko bwa electromagnetic na turbine bihura n'imbogamizi zigaragara mu gupima amazi akoresheje ibintu bikomeye bihagaze, ibitaka cyangwa utubumbe tw'umwuka: electrodes zo imbere zirashaza byoroshye, impellers ziraziba, kandi gukata imiyoboro no kuyikora ni ngombwa mu gihe cyo kuyishyiraho. Igipimo cy'amazi cya clamp-on Doppler gikemura neza ibi bibazo by'ububabare binyuze mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo gushyiramo amazi hanze butabangamira ibidukikije kandiIngaruka ya Dopplerinyigisho, ikaba igikoresho gikunzwe cyane cyo gupima imiyoboro y'amazi mabi n'ibitaka ku isi yose.
Ihame ry'ingenzi ry'imikorere y'ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi biva kuri Doppler Effect byavumbuwe na fiziki Christian Doppler. Ibikoresho bigizwe n'icyuma gipima amashanyarazi n'ibipimo bibiri by'amashanyarazi bikozwe hanze bishyirwa ku rukuta rw'umuyoboro w'inyuma hakoreshejwe ibipimo. Umuyoboro umwe usohora imirasire ya ultrasonic ifite frequency yo hejuru mu buryo butambitse mu mazi ari mu muyoboro. Kubera ko gupima Doppler bisaba ibipimo by'amajwi, ikimenyetso cya ultrasound gihita kiva ku duce duto tw'umwuka duhagaze cyangwa uduce duto tw'umwuka tugenda mu buryo buhuye n'amazi. Ingendo hagati y'ibipimo by'amajwi n'ibipimo by'amajwi bitanga impinduka igaragara hagati y'imiraba y'amajwi yoherezwa n'ayakiriwe. Microprocessor yubatswemo ibarura umuvuduko w'amazi mu gihe nyacyo ishingiye ku itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko, hanyuma igahuza umurambararo w'umuyoboro winjiye, ubunini bw'urukuta n'ibipimo by'ibikoresho kugira ngo bisohore umuvuduko w'amazi ako kanya n'umuvuduko w'amazi uhujwe.
Akamaro gakomeye k'iki gipimo ni uko imiterere yacyo idahungabanya ibidukikije. Bitandukanye n'ibikoresho biri mu murongo, transducer ntizigera ihura n'ibikoresho bipimye. Abakoresha bashobora kurangiza gushyiraho mu minota 10 batabanje gukata imiyoboro, gusohora amazi cyangwa guhagarika imikorere y'uruganda n'amazi, ibyo bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'akazi n'igihe cyo kuruhuka. Nta gihombo giterwa n'umuvuduko mu muyoboro, nta ngaruka zo kuva amazi hagati, kandi nta bice bitose byangirika cyangwa kwangirika. Ku miyoboro minini iri hejuru ya DN500, ibyuma bipima Doppler bifite ikiguzi gito cyane cyo kugura no gushyiraho ugereranyije n'amashanyarazi.ibipimo by'amazi anyuramo, bigaragaza inyungu zidasanzwe mu bukungu mu miyoboro minini y'inganda z'amazi n'amazi atembera mu nganda.
Iki gikoresho gifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibintu neza kandi gifite ubushobozi bwa tekiniki bugari. Gipima neza ibinyobwa birimo utuntu duto twa mg/L duhagaze cyangwa utubumbe duto, bitwikiriye imyanda, umwanda ukoreshwa, impumuro y’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, inzoga zivanze n’amazi y’imyanda yo mu nganda ahumeka. Gikwiranye n’ibikoresho byose bisanzwe by’imiyoboro birimo icyuma cya karuboni, icyuma kidashonga, icyuma gishongeshejwe, PVC na fiberglass, gishyigikira uburebure bw’imiyoboro kuva kuri DN40 kugeza kuri DN3000. Moderi zigezweho zitanga ikigereranyo cyagutse cyane kuva kuri R250 kugeza kuri R500, gishobora gufata amazi make n’amazi menshi adatemba nta bikoresho bihinduranya. Amahitamo menshi yo gusohora telemetri nka LoRaWAN, NB-IoT na GPRS yahujwe mu gushyira amakuru kure, guhuza imiyoboro y’amazi ya smart aqueduct metering DMA zoning, gukurikirana imyanda y’imiyoboro n’ibisabwa mu gucunga sitasiyo y’amazi yanduye nta muntu ubyitayeho.
Ikiguzi gito cyo kubungabunga ni ikindi kintu cy’ingenzi cyane. Kubera ko nta bice by’imbere bigenda, gusukura buri gihe cyangwa gusimbuza electrode ntabwo ari ngombwa, bitandukanye n’ibipimo bya electromagnetic bikenera gusuzumwa buri mezi menshi mu miyoboro y’imyanda. Abakoresha bagomba kugenzura gusa uko transducer ihagaze no kongera kuzuza icyuma gihuza ultrasonic rimwe mu mezi atandatu. Verisiyo za Doppler zigendanwa zikoreshwa mu kugenzura amazi y’umuyoboro by’agateganyo, gusuzuma imikorere y’ipompo no kugenzura imiyoboro nta gushyiraho burundu.
Nubwo ikoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse, abakoresha bagomba gukurikiza ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo:Ibipimo bya DopplerNtibikwiriye amazi meza cyane afite uduce duto tudahagije two kwerekana ibimenyetso bya ultrasound, aho ibipimo bya ultrasound byo gufata amazi mu gihe cyo kunyuramo ari byo byiza kurushaho. Abashyiraho ibikoresho bagomba kubika ibice bihagije by'imiyoboro igororotse mbere na nyuma y'ibipimo, birinda imyanya yegereye inkokora, valves na pompe kugira ngo habeho uburyo amazi atembera neza kandi habeho uburyo bwo gupima buri gihe.
Mu gihe cy'imicungire y'amazi mu buryo bw'ubwenge n'ikoranabuhanga mu by'inganda,Ibipimo by'amazi ya ultrasound ya Doppler bishyirwa kuri clamp-onkuziba icyuho cy’igenzura ry’amazi ryanduye rihendutse kandi rihoraho ku miyoboro y’amazi yanduye. Guhuza uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyishyiraho, nta kwangirika kw’imiyoboro, kumara igihe kirekire ikora ndetse n’imikorere itandukanye y’itumanaho rya kure bituma iba igikoresho kidasimburwa cyo gupima imiyoboro y’amazi yo mu mujyi, inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye n’inganda zicukura amabuye y’agaciro. Uko kuvugurura imiyoboro no kubaka imiyoboro y’amazi yo mu ikoranabuhanga byaguka ku isi hose, icyifuzo cy’isoko ry’ibipimo by’amazi bya Doppler bizakomeza kwiyongera mu myaka icumi iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 20 Nyakanga-2026