Guhitamo Electrode ku bipimo by'amashanyarazi

Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (bizwi kandi nka mag meters) bikoreshwa cyane mu gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi atwara imizigo mu nganda. Bikora hashingiwe ku itegeko rya Faraday ryo gukoresha amashanyarazi kandi ntibigira ibice bigenda, bigatuma biba byiza cyane kandi byizewe mu mirimo itandukanye yo gupima umuvuduko w'amazi. Kimwe mu bice by'ingenzi by'ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ni electrode, igira uruhare runini mu gupima. Guhitamo ibikoresho bya electrode n'imiterere yayo biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nko gupima amazi, imiterere y'ibidukikije, n'ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo byifuzwa.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mu guhitamo electrode

1. Uburyo amazi atwara imizigo

Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi bisaba ko amazi aba afite amashanyarazi kugira ngo igipimo cy'umuvuduko gikore neza. Amashanyarazi amenya amashanyarazi akorwa iyo amazi anyuze mu ngufu za rukuruzi z'iki gipimo cy'umuvuduko. Kubwibyo, guhitamo ibikoresho bya electrode bikwiye ni ngombwa kugira ngo harebwe neza ibipimo, cyane cyane niba amashanyarazi y'amazi ari make cyangwa menshi.

2. Ibikoresho bya Electrode

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri electrode bigomba kuba bihuye n'imiterere ya shimi y'amazi kugira ngo birambe kandi byizerwa. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bya electrode birimo:

• Icyuma kitagira umwanda (316L):Kimwe mu bikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gukora electrodes, icyuma kidashonga gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kandi gikwiriye ubwoko bwinshi bw'amazi, harimo amazi, ibinyabutabire, n'ibindi byinshi bya shimi.

• Hastelloy (HC276):Hastelloy ni aloyi irwanya ingese, izwi cyane cyane kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira imiti ihumanya n'ubushyuhe bukabije.HC276ikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda nka farumasi, imiti, n'ibikomoka ku biryo, aho usanga hakunze kubaho aside ikomeye, alkali, n'ibintu bishongesha. Itanga ubudahangarwa bukomeye bwo kwangirika kandi ikwiriye cyane cyane ahantu hari umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.

• Titanium (Ta):Ama-electrode ya titanium arwanya cyane ingese kandi ni meza cyane mu bidukikije bikomeye, cyane cyane ibirimo amazi yo mu nyanja, aside, n'ibindi bintu byangiza cyane. Tantalum (Ta) ni ikindi kintu gisa nacyo gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese cyane cyane mu mazi abira kandi atera ingaruka mbi cyane. Tantalum ifite agaciro cyane iyo ikora ku bintu byangiza cyane, harimo aside sulfure, aside hydrochloric, n'ibindi bintu byangiza cyane.

• Platinum (Pt):Platinum irwanya cyane ingese za shimi, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu mazi ashyushye cyane, ariko ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye bitewe n'uko ihenze cyane. Ama-electrode ya platinum akundwa cyane ahantu hakenewe ubushishozi bukabije n'ubudakora neza bwa shimi, nko mu bikoresho bya laboratwari cyangwa mu bikorwa bimwe na bimwe by'ubuvuzi n'isesengura. Kuba Platinum ihamye kandi irwanya ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti bituma iba nziza cyane mu bikorwa bisaba imikorere ihoraho.

• Grafiti cyangwa Karuboni:Ibi bikoresho rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa mu gukoresha amazi ashyushye cyane cyangwa ashyushye cyane. Electrode za grafiti nazo zirwanya ingese cyane ariko zishobora kwangirika mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

• Zahabu:Ama-electrode ya zahabu akunze gukoreshwa mu bihe bisaba ubuhanga buhanitse cyane kandi akunze kuboneka muri laboratwari cyangwa mu bikorwa byihariye cyane.

3. Imiterere ya Electrode

Imiterere ya electrode ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo bufatika n'uburyo electrode ikoreshwa. Imiterere ibiri isanzwe ya electrode ni iyi:

• Imiterere ya Electrode imwe:Iyi configuration ikubiyemo electrode imwe yo gukoranaho n'indi yo kwerekana ikimenyetso. Yoroshye kandi ihendutse ariko ishobora gutanga ubuziranenge buke mu bikorwa bimwe na bimwe.

• Imiterere ya Electrode nyinshi (Electrode enye):Iyi miterere ikubiyemo electrode nyinshi zitondetse mu buryo bw'uruziga zikikije umuyoboro. Iyi miterere itanga ibipimo nyabyo, cyane cyane mu mikoreshereze irimo amazi akomeye cyangwa agoye. Ishobora kandi gufasha kugabanya amakosa aterwa no kwangirika no kubangamira ibimenyetso.

4. Gukingira no Kurinda Electrode

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, electrode zishobora gupfukwa cyangwa kurindwa kugira ngo zirusheho gukora neza mu bikorwa byihariye. Urugero:

• Irangi rya Ceramic:Ku mazi asanzwe cyangwa asanzwe cyane, irangi rya ceramic rishobora gufasha kurinda electrodes kwangirika no kongera igihe cyazo cyo kubaho.

• Irangi rya PTFE cyangwa PFA:Ku binyabutabire bidatwara amazi cyangwa bikaze, irangi rya electrode rikozwe muri fluoropolymers nka PTFE cyangwa PFA rikoreshwa mu gutanga uburinzi no gukingira.

5. Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko

Ama-electrode agomba guhitamo hashingiwe ku bushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'ikoreshwa. Urugero, ama-electrode ya titanium, Hastelloy, na platinum akwiriye gukoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi ugereranije n'ama-electrode asanzwe y'icyuma kidafunze.

6. Ingano y'igipimo cy'amazi n'ikoreshwa ryacyo

Ingano n'ubwoko bw'igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi (urugero, icyuzuye cyangwa icy'ifatizo) nabyo bizagira ingaruka ku guhitamo electrode. Ibipimo binini by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi akenshi bisaba electrode nini kugira ngo imikorere myiza irusheho kuba myiza.

Umwanzuro

Guhitamo electrode zo gupima amazi mu byuma bipima amashanyarazi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane neza uburyo amazi anyuramo, cyane cyane mu nganda zigoye. Urebye uburyo amazi anyuramo, imiterere y’ibikoresho bya electrode, imiterere y’amashanyarazi, n’imiterere y’imikorere (nk’ubushyuhe, igitutu, n’imikoreshereze y’ibinyabutabire), ushobora guhitamo ibikoresho bya electrode bikwiye n’imiterere y’ibikoresho byawe. Ibikoresho nka HC276 (Hastelloy), Ta (Tantalum), na Pt (Platinum) bitanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kandi birakwiriye cyane mu bikorwa bigoye. Guhitamo neza electrode bishobora kunoza igihe cyo gupima amazi no kudahemuka, bigatuma iba ingirakamaro mu buryo bwo gupima amazi mu nganda.