Ahantu ho gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ripima imikorere y'amashanyarazi

Ahantu ho gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ripima ikirere:

1, inzira yo gukora umusaruro mu nganda

Igipimo cy'amazi ni kimwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibipimo n'ibikoresho byifashishwa mu gukora ikoranabuhanga, gikoreshwa cyane mu byuma, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, amakara, inganda z'ibinyabutabire, peteroli, ubwikorezi, ubwubatsi, imyenda, ibiribwa, ubuvuzi, ubuhinzi, kurengera ibidukikije n'ubuzima bwa buri munsi bw'abaturage n'ibindi bice by'ubukungu bw'igihugu, ni uguteza imbere umusaruro w'inganda n'ubuhinzi, kuzigama ingufu, kunoza ireme ry'ibicuruzwa, Igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyo kunoza imikorere myiza y'ubukungu n'urwego rw'imicungire gifite umwanya ukomeye mu bukungu bw'igihugu. Mu bikoresho n'ibikoresho byifashishwa mu gukora ikoranabuhanga, ibipimo by'amazi bifite inshingano ebyiri z'ingenzi: nk'igikoresho cyo gupima sisitemu zo kugenzura imikorere n'igipimo cy'ingano y'ibikoresho.

2. Gupima ingufu

Ingufu zigabanyijemo ingufu z'ibanze (amakara, peteroli, methane y'amakara, gaze ya peteroli ivanze n'amazi na gaze karemano), ingufu za kabiri (amashanyarazi, coke, gaze y'ubukorano, peteroli ivanze n'amazi, gaze ya peteroli ivanze n'amazi) n'uburyo butwara ingufu (umwuka ufunze, ogisijeni, azote, hidrojeni, amazi). Gupima ingufu ni uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gucunga ingufu mu buryo bwa siyansi, kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ikoreshwa, no kunoza inyungu mu bukungu. Igipimo cy'amazi ni igice cy'ingenzi cya gipimo cy'ingufu, amazi, gaze y'ubukorano, gaze karemano, umwuka n'amavuta. Izi ngufu zikoreshwa cyane zikoresha umubare munini cyane wa gipimo cy'amazi, ni ibikoresho byo gucunga ingufu n'ibaruramari ry'ubukungu.

3. Ubwubatsi bwo kurengera ibidukikije

Gusohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere, imyanda n'imyanda bihumanya ikirere n'umutungo kamere w'amazi, kandi bibangamira cyane ibidukikije by'abantu. Leta yashyize imbere iterambere rirambye muri politiki y'igihugu, kandi kurengera ibidukikije bizaba ikibazo gikomeye mu kinyejana cya 21. Kugira ngo hagenzurwe ihumana ry'ikirere n'amazi, imicungire igomba gushimangirwa, kandi ishingiro ry'imicungire ni ukugenzura ingano y'umwanda, icyuma gipima ubwinshi bw'imyanda mu gikoresho gipima imyuka ihumanya ikirere, imyanda, gupima ubwinshi bw'imyanda bifite umwanya udashobora gusimburwa. Ubushinwa ni igihugu gishingiye ku makara gifite amafuru menshi arimo amafuru ashyira umwotsi mu kirere. Kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu * umwanda, buri furu igomba gushyirwaho ibipimo byo gusesengura imyuka ihumanya ikirere n'ibipimo byo gupima ubwinshi bw'imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bigizwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Umuvuduko w'amazi uhumanya ikirere uragoye cyane, ingorabahizi ni uko ingano y'ifuru ari nini kandi idahuje n'imiterere, imiterere y'imyuka irahinduka, umuvuduko w'amazi ni munini, wanduye, ivumbi, ingese, ubushyuhe bwinshi, nta gice cy'imiyoboro igororotse.

4. Ubwikorezi

Hari uburyo butanu: gutwara abantu hakoreshejwe gari ya moshi, imihanda, ikirere, amazi n'imiyoboro. Nubwo gutwara abantu hakoreshejwe imiyoboro kuva kera, ntabwo ikoreshwa cyane. Bitewe n'ibibazo bikomeye by'ibidukikije, imiterere y'imiyoboro yakuruye abantu. Gutwara abantu hakoreshejwe imiyoboro bigomba kuba bifite ibipimo ngenderwaho, ari byo bigenzura, bikwirakwiza kandi bigatanga gahunda, kandi ni na byo bikoresho byiza byo kugenzura umutekano no kubara ubukungu.

5. Imiti ivura indwara z'ibinyabuzima

Ikinyejana cya 21 kizazana ikinyejana cy’ubumenyi bw’ubuzima, kandi inganda zirangwa n’ikoranabuhanga rya biotechnologie zizatera imbere vuba. Hari ibintu byinshi bigomba gukurikiranwa no gupimwa muri biotechnologie, nk'amaraso, inkari, nibindi. Inganda zikora imiti nazo ntizihuza cyangwa ntizifite uburyo bwo kugenzura ingano y’amazi akoreshwa mu miti itandukanye n’ibikoresho bitegura amazi. Iterambere ry’ibikoresho biragoye cyane kandi hari ubwoko bwinshi.

6. Igerageza rya siyansi

Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi gikenewe mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi si kinini gusa, ahubwo ni n'ubwoko bugoye cyane. Dukurikije imibare, igice kinini cy'ubwoko burenga 100 bw'ibipimo by'amazi bigomba gukoreshwa mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ntabwo bikorwa ku bwinshi, ntibigurishwa ku isoko, ibigo byinshi by'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n'ibigo binini byashyizeho amatsinda yihariye yo guteza imbere ibipimo by'amazi.

7. Inyanja, imigezi n'ibiyaga

Utu duce ni imiyoboro ifunguye y’amazi, muri rusange tugomba kumenya umuvuduko w’amazi, hanyuma tukabara umuvuduko w’amazi. Ihame ry’imiterere n’ishingiro ry’amazi y’icyuma gipima ubu n’icyuma gipima amazi ni ibintu bisanzwe, ariko ihame n’imiterere y’igikoresho n’ikoreshwa ry’icyo gikoresho biratandukanye cyane.