Igipimo cy'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amavuta ya Hydraulic & Lubricating: Uburyo bwo gukora neza, kwizerwa, no gukora neza mu nganda

Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho biri mu cyiciro cya gipimo cy'umuvuduko mwiza, bikora ku ihame ryoroshye ariko rifite akamaro kanini. Mu nzu y'igipimo, ibipimo bibiri cyangwa byinshi bifatanye bizunguruka uko amazi anyura mu cyumba. Buri kuzunguruka kwa gipimo bisimbura ingano ihamye y'amazi, kandi umubare w'imizunguruko—byafashwe hakoreshejwe sensor (mekanike cyangwa electronic)—bihindurwamo igipimo nyacyo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi. Ubu buryo bwiza bwo kwimura amazi butanga inyungu zishingiye ku mavuta ya hydraulic n'amazi asya, akenshi agaragaza ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe butandukanye, kandi akagira ibintu bito bihumanya. Bitandukanye n'ibipimo by'umuvuduko bishingiye ku muvuduko (nk'ibipimo bya turbine cyangwa ultrasonic), ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho ntibigira ingaruka cyane ku mpinduka z'ubushyuhe bw'amazi, bishimangira ko ari ukuri guhoraho ndetse no mu gihe bikoresha amazi kuva ku rugero rwo hasi kugeza ku rugero rwo hejuru rukoreshwa muri sisitemu za hydraulic na circuits za lubrication.

Imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zituma ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho biba byiza mu gupima amavuta ya hydraulic n'amazi yo kwisiga ni ubushobozi bwabyo bwo guhangana n'imimerere ikomeye y'inganda. Sisitemu za hydraulic zisanzwe zikora ku muvuduko mwinshi (akenshi zirenga bar 300) n'ubushyuhe, mu gihe amazi yo kwisiga ashobora kuzenguruka mu miyoboro ikomeye n'imiyoboro ikomeye. Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho by'inganda byakozwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho biramba nk'icyuma kitagira umugese, ibyuma bikomeye bya alloy, cyangwa polymeri zirwanya ingese, bigamije ko zishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, ndetse n'imiterere y'amazi amwe yo kwisiga. Ubushobozi buke mu gukora ibikoresho bigabanya gusohoka kw'imbere, bikongera ubushobozi bwo gupima - ni ingenzi ku bikorwa aho no kugabanuka guto mu muvuduko w'umuvuduko w'amazi bishobora gutuma ibikoresho bidakora neza cyangwa kwangirika vuba. Urugero, mu mashini z'ubwubatsi (nk'imashini zicukura na crane), gupima neza urujya n'uruza rw'amavuta ya hydraulic bifasha kunoza ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi, birinda kurenza urugero rw'imashini zikoresha hydraulic no kugabanya ikoreshwa rya lisansi. Mu nganda zikora, amakuru nyayo yerekeye uburyo amazi atembera mu mavuta akoreshwa mu gusiga amavuta atuma amapine, ibikoresho n'ibindi bice by'ingenzi bifata ingano nyayo y'amavuta akenewe, birinda ko amavuta adahagije (atera gushyuha no gushyuha cyane) ndetse no gupfuka amavuta menshi (bituma amazi apfa ubusa kandi bikongera ikiguzi cyo kuyatunganya).

Ikindi cyiza cy'ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho ni uko bihura neza n'imiterere yihariye y'amavuta ya hydraulic n'amazi atera amavuta. Ayo mazi akunze kuba arimo inyongeramusaruro (nk'ibintu birwanya kwangirika, ibibuza ingese, n'ibipimo by'ubushyuhe) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya bimwe mu bikoresho bipima umuvuduko. Icyakora, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho bigira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'ibikoresho by'umuvuduko w'amazi - ihame ryabyo ryo gupima rishingiye ku kwimura ibyuma aho kuba ku miterere y'amazi nko gutwara amazi cyangwa impedance y'ijwi. Ibi bituma bikwiranye n'ubwoko bwinshi bw'amavuta ya hydraulic (harimo amavuta ya mineral, synthetic, na biobol hydraulic fluids) n'amazi atera amavuta (nk'amavuta ya moteri, amavuta ya grippe, n'amavuta). Byongeye kandi, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho bishobora gukora neza hamwe n'amazi arimo uduce duto (urugero, ibyuma bito cyangwa ivumbi), igihe cyose uduce tudahagije kugira ngo dukinge ibikoresho - ikintu gikunze kugaragara mu nganda aho kwanduza amazi rimwe na rimwe bidashoboka.

Mu bijyanye no gushyiraho no gukoresha neza, ibipimo by'imigendekere y'amashanyarazi bitanga uburyo bworoshye bworoshye, bigatuma byoroha kubihuza na sisitemu zisanzwe za hydraulic na lubrication. Bishobora gushyirwa mu miyoboro itambitse cyangwa ihagaze, hamwe n'ibipimo bike bigororotse—bitandukanye n'ibindi bipimo by'imigendekere bikenera imiyoboro miremire yo hejuru no hepfo kugira ngo birebe neza ko bisomwa neza. Iyi miterere mito ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu mashini z'inganda aho umwanya ari muto. Ibipimo by'imigendekere y'amashanyarazi bigezweho biza bifite amahitamo atandukanye yo gusohora, harimo ibimenyetso bya analog (4-20 mA), ibimenyetso bya digitale (RS485, Modbus), n'ibipimo by'imivuduko, bitanga uburyo bwo guhuza neza na sisitemu zo kugenzura, kwandika amakuru, na porogaramu zo kugenzura. Ibi bituma habaho gukurikirana umuvuduko w'amazi mu gihe nyacyo, kugenzura kure, no gutanga amakuru yikora ku bijyanye n'imiterere idasanzwe y'amazi—nk'umuvuduko muke (bigaragaza ko ushobora gusohoka cyangwa kuziba) cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi w'amazi (bigaragaza ko sisitemu idafite akamaro). Ku matsinda ashinzwe kubungabunga, aya makuru ni ingenzi cyane: yemerera gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa, igabanya igihe cyo kudakora, kandi yongerera igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibipimo by'imigendekere y'amazi n'ibikoresho igenzura.

Mu guhitamo icyuma gipima amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amavuta ya hydraulic no gupima amazi akoreshwa mu gusiga, hari ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho kugira ngo bigerweho imikorere myiza. Icya mbere, urwego rw'amazi akoreshwa mu gikoresho kigomba guhuza n'ibyo gisabwa - urwego ruto cyane ruzatuma habaho kurenza urugero rw'amazi, mu gihe urwego ruto cyane rushobora kwangiza uburyo bwo gukora. Icya kabiri, igipimo cy'umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe bigomba kurenza imiterere ntarengwa y'imikorere ya sisitemu kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika. Icya gatatu, guhuza ibikoresho ni ingenzi: ku mazi yangiza cyangwa ahantu hakomeye, ibyuma bikozwe mu byuma bitangiza amashanyarazi cyangwa alloys zihariye birasabwa. Icya kane, ubwoko bwa sensor (imashini cyangwa ikoranabuhanga) bugomba guhitamo hashingiwe ku bikenewe mu buryo bunonosoye, gutanga amakuru, n'ibisabwa mu kubungabunga - ibyuma bipima amashanyarazi bitanga ubuziranenge bwo hejuru no guhuza ikoranabuhanga, mu gihe ibyuma bipima amashanyarazi akenshi bihendutse kandi bidasaba kubungabungwa gake. Icya nyuma, inshuro zo gupima zigomba kwitabwaho: gupima buri gihe (ubusanzwe buri mwaka) byemeza ko icyuma gipima amashanyarazi gikomeza ubuziranenge bwacyo uko igihe kigenda gihita, cyane cyane mu bikorwa bikenerwa cyane.

Mu gusoza, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho bigaragarira nk'igisubizo cyiza cyo gupima amavuta ya hydraulic n'amazi yo kwisiga mu nganda. Imiterere yabyo myiza yo kwimura itanga ubuziranenge budasanzwe, ndetse no mu mazi afite ubukana bwinshi n'imiterere itandukanye y'imikorere. Imiterere yabyo ikomeye ituma biramba kandi byizewe mu nganda zikomeye, mu gihe bihuye n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'amazi no gushyiraho byoroshye bituma birushaho kuba byiza kandi byoroshye gukoresha. Mu gutanga amakuru nyayo kandi y'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho mu gihe nyacyo, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho bifasha ubucuruzi kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, kunoza imikorere myiza y'ingufu, no gukumira igihe gihenze cyo kubura. Ku nganda kuva ku nganda n'ubwubatsi kugeza ku modoka n'indege, gushora imari mu gipimo cy'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho byiza si ikibazo cyo gupima gusa—ni icyemezo cy'ingenzi cyongera imikorere myiza n'ubuhanga mu nganda zikora cyane muri iki gihe. Uko ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho bikomeza gutera imbere, hamwe n'ibikoresho binoze, ibyuma bipima neza, no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhuza, birushaho gukomera nk'amahitamo akomeye yo gupima amavuta ya hydraulic n'amazi yo kwisiga.