Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe bya ultrasonic bishyirwa kuri clamp-ongupima neza ubushyuhe bwimurirwa mu miyoboro itwara amazi binyuze mu guhuza gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi n'uburyo ubushyuhe buhinduka. Imikorere yabyo ishingiye ku mahame y'amajwi n'ubushyuhe, birimo inzira eshatu z'ingenzi: gupima urujya n'uruza, kumenya itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe, no kubara ubushyuhe no kwegeranya. Dore isesengura rirambuye ry'imikorere yabyo:
I. Ibice by'ingenzi n'inshingano zabyo
Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe cya ultrasonic kigizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi bikora mu buryo bw'ubufatanye, buri kimwe gifite imirimo itandukanye:
- Ibyuma bipima umuvuduko w'amazi mu muyoboro bishyirwa hanze ku rukuta rw'inyuma rw'umuyoboro utanga amazi (cyangwa ugarura amazi) bitanyuze ku mazi.
- Utumenyetso tw’ubushyuhe: Ubusanzwe utwo tumenyetso tubiri tw’ubuhanga bwo kurwanya platine (urugero: PT1000 ifite ubuziranenge bwa ± 0.1℃), dushyirwa ku miyoboro y’amazi n’iy’igaruza kugira ngo tugenzure ubushyuhe bw’amazi atangwa (T1) n’ubushyuhe bw’amazi atangwa (T2) mu gihe nyacyo.
- Host (calculator): Yakira ibimenyetso by'amazi n'ubushyuhe, ibara ubushyuhe ikoresheje algorithms zubatswemo, kandi igakemura ikibazo cyo kwerekana, kubika, cyangwa kohereza amakuru.
II. Intambwe z'akazi zirambuye
1. Gupima Umuvuduko w'Umu ...
Imashini ipima ubwinshi bw'amazi mu buryo bwa clamp-on ni yo shingiro ry'uburyo amazi anyuramo, ikora ku ihame rimwe na mashini zipima ubwinshi bw'amazi mu buryo bwa clamp-on:
- Gushyiraho sensor: Transducer ebyiri za ultrasonic (transmitter na receiver) zifatanye ku rukuta rw'umuyoboro wo hanze hakoreshejwe clamps, zikora inzira ebyiri zo gukwirakwiza acoustic - imwe igana mu cyerekezo cy'amazi (hepfo) indi igana mu cyerekezo cyayo (hejuru).
- Kohereza no Kwakira Ibimenyetso: Itumanaho ritanga ibimenyetso bya ultrasound mu cyerekezo cyo hepfo no hejuru. Uko imiraba y'amajwi ikwirakwira mu mazi, igihe cy'urugendo rwayo kigirwaho ingaruka n'umuvuduko w'amazi: ibimenyetso byo hepfo "bitwarwa" n'amazi, bigatuma igihe cyo kugenda kiba gito; ibimenyetso byo hepfo "birarwanywa," bigatuma igihe cyo kugenda kiba kirekire.
- Kubara Umuvuduko n'Iterambere: Ikigo gipima itandukaniro ry'igihe (Δt) kandi kikabara umuvuduko w'iterambere ry'ikirere (v) gikoresheje ibipimo nk'umurambararo w'umuyoboro n'ibikoresho. Uyu muvuduko hanyuma uhindurwa umuvuduko w'iterambere ry'ikirere ryihuse (qv) hanyuma, amaherezo, umuvuduko w'iterambere ry'ikirere (qm) gikoresheje ubucucike bw'amazi.
2. Igipimo cy'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe: Gufata Ihindagurika ry'Ingufu Hagati y'Amazi Atangwa n'Agasubizwa
Ibikoresho bipima ubushyuhe bifatanye n'inkuta z'inyuma z'imiyoboro itwara amazi n'iy'amazi (cyangwa bishyirwamo bidahungabanya aho amazi anyura) kugira ngo bikusanye ubushyuhe bw'amazi mu gihe nyacyo:
- Ubushyuhe bw'amazi atangwa (T1): Bugaragaza ubushyuhe bw'ibanze bw'amazi yinjira mu buryo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe (butwara ingufu nyinshi).
- Ubushyuhe bw'amazi asubira inyuma (T2): Bugaragaza ubushyuhe bw'amazi asohoka muri sisitemu nyuma yo guhinduranya ubushyuhe (hamwe n'ingufu nke, bityo ubushyuhe bukaba buke).
- Kubara Itandukaniro ry'Ubushyuhe: Umukozi uhora abara itandukaniro (ΔT=T1−T2). Itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe rinini rigaragaza ubushyuhe bwinshi bwimurwa kuri buri gipimo cy'igihe.
3. Kubara Ubushyuhe: Gukusanya Ubushyuhe bwose bushingiye kuri formula za Thermodynamic
Ikoresheje amakuru y'itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe, ikigo gipima ubushyuhe cyose kibara kandi kigakusanya ubushyuhe bwose mu gihe nyacyo gikoresheje formula yo gupima ubushyuhe bw'ibanze: Q=∫t1t2qm⋅cp⋅ΔTdt
Aho:
Aho:
- Q ni ubushyuhe bwakusanyijwe (igice: kWh cyangwa GJ);
- qm ni igipimo cy’uburemere bw’amazi ako kanya (kg/h);
- cp ni ubushobozi bwihariye bw'ubushyuhe bw'amazi ku gitutu kidahinduka (ku mazi, ubusanzwe);
- ΔT ni itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'amazi atangwa n'ayo asubizwa (℃);
- Ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi kigaragaza ukwiyongera kw’igihe (t), ni ukuvuga ubushyuhe bwose bwakoreshejwe kuva igipimo gitangira kugeza ku gihe kiri imbere.
Mu magambo make, ubushyuhe = igipimo cy'uburemere bw'amazi × ubushobozi bw'ubushyuhe bwihariye × itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe × igihe. Ikigo gikurikirana buri gihe kandi kigakusanya iki gipimo kugira ngo kibone ubushyuhe bwose umukoresha yakoresheje.
III. Gusohora amakuru n'ikoreshwa ryayo
Iyi mashini yerekana amakuru aboneka mu gihe nyacyo nko gukwirakwira kw'amazi ako kanya, ubushyuhe ako kanya, ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe kuri ecran yayo. Yohereza kandi amakuru kuri sisitemu zo gucunga amakuru binyuze kuri interineti nka RS485 cyangwa NB-IoT, ishyigikira porogaramu nko kwishyura ubushyuhe no gucunga ingufu.
Incamake
Ingingo nyamukuru y'ibipimo by'ubushyuhe bya ultrasound ishobora kuvugwa muri make itya: "gupima amazi anyuramo hakoreshejwe ultrasound, kumenya itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe sensors, no kubara ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe algorithms". Imiterere yabyo idahungabanya imiyoboro y'amazi n'uburyo amazi anyuramo, mu gihe guhuza ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasound no gukurikirana ubushyuhe bitanga uburyo bwo gupima neza mu byiciro byinshi by'amazi n'imiterere y'akazi igoye, bigatuma bikoreshwa cyane mu gutanga amafaranga yo gushyushya no gucunga ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Nyakanga-2025