Ingano y'ikoreshwa ry'ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye, harimo amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda, ibisabwa mu gukoresha, n'inama z'abakora. Hasi hari isesengura rirambuye ry'ibintu by'ingenzi by'ingenzi n'ibihe bisanzwe byo gupima:
1. Ibintu bireba inganda n'ikoreshwa ryazo
- Ibisabwa mu mabwiriza cyangwa mu kubahiriza amategeko
Inganda Zikora Ubuziranenge Buhanitse: Mu nzego nka peteroli na gaze, gutunganya imiti, cyangwa gucunga amazi/amazi yanduye (aho kwishyuza cyangwa kugenzura ibikorwa bishingiye ku bipimo nyabyo), gupima bishobora kuba ngombwa buri mwaka cyangwa se kabiri mu mwaka.
Ikoreshwa Ridakomeye: Ku bijyanye no kugenzura urujya n'uruza muri rusange mu buryo budakomeye (urugero, sisitemu za HVAC cyangwa urujya n'uruza rw'inganda rudakomeye), igihe cyo gupima gishobora kongerwa kugeza ku myaka 2-3.
- Ibiranga amazi n'imiterere y'imikorere
Ibidukikije Bikaze: Iyo icyuma gipima ubushyuhe bwinshi, amazi yangiza, cyangwa ibintu bitera kwangirika (urugero, ibitonyanga), gupima bishobora gukenerwa kenshi (urugero, buri mezi 6-12) bitewe n'uko transducer ishobora kwangirika cyangwa imiyoboro y'amazi yiyongera.
Amazi Ahamye: Ku mazi meza kandi adahumanya (urugero: amazi cyangwa amazi meza) mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe/umuvuduko uhoraho, igihe gishobora kuba kirekire (imyaka 2-3).
2. Ibyifuzo by'abakora
Abakora imashini nyinshi zipima amashanyarazi zikoresheje ikoranabuhanga (ultrasonic flow meter) batanga amabwiriza yihariye yo gupima imiterere y'amazi hashingiwe ku gishushanyo n'ikoreshwa ryayo. Inama zisanzwe zirimo:
Utwuma dupima ibyuma bifunga: Ibi bipima bidatera impanuka akenshi bigira igihe kirekire (imyaka 1-3) bitewe n'uko bidasaza cyane.
Imashini zitose: Ibipimo bifite imashini zikora ku mazi bishobora gusaba gupimwa kenshi (imyaka 1-2) bitewe n'uko amazi ashobora kwangirika.
Ibikoresho byo Gusuzuma Byiyubakiyemo: Hari moderi zigezweho zitanga igenzura ry’ubwiza bw’amajwi mu gihe nyacyo (urugero, igihe cyo gutwara abantu mu buryo burambye, urugero rw’urusaku rw’amajwi), bishobora gufasha kumenya niba gupima bikenewe hanze y’igihe gisanzwe.
3. Ibitera Guhindura (Igihe cyo Guhindura Vuba)
Gupima ibintu bigomba gushyirwa imbere mu bihe bikurikira:
- Gutandukana mu mikorere
Iyo icyuma gipima ibimenyetso kigaragaje ibipimo bidahuye, igihombo cy'ikimenyetso, cyangwa igabanuka ry'ubuziranenge (urugero, ibipimo bitandukanye n'ibipimo byitezweho birenze ubushobozi bwagenwe).
- Impinduka muri sisitemu
Nyuma yo guhindura imiyoboro (urugero, kongeramo valves, curbs, cyangwa flow straighteners) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'imiyoboro.
Iyo ubwoko bw'amazi, urugero rw'ubushyuhe, cyangwa umuvuduko w'amazi bihinduka cyane.
- Impinduka mu bidukikije
Guhura n'ubushyuhe bukabije, imitingito, cyangwa ibyuma bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya transducer cyangwa ibice by'ikoranabuhanga.
- Kubungabunga imikorere y'uburinzi
Nk'igice cya gahunda isanzwe yo kubungabunga kugira ngo harebwe ko hubahirizwa sisitemu zo gucunga ubuziranenge (urugero, amahame ya ISO) cyangwa inshingano z'amasezerano.
4. Uburyo bwo Gupima no Gukoresha Uburyo Bwiza
- Ubwoko bwa Gupima
Gupima uruganda: Bisanzwe bikorwa mbere yo gukoresha, hakoreshejwe imiyoboro y'amazi neza kugira ngo hamenyekane neza uko ibintu bimeze mbere.
Igenzura ry'aho uherereye: Rishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe:
Ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu gutwara: Ibikoresho bitanga umuvuduko uzwi w'amazi yo kugereranya aho akorera.
Kugereranya na Metero zigaragaza uko ibintu bimeze: Gushyiramo metero y’inyongera kandi ifite ubuhanga buhanitse (urugero, turbine cyangwa metero ya Coriolis) mu buryo buhuriweho kugira ngo harebwe neza uko ibintu bimeze.
Gupima Ubushobozi bwo Kwisuzuma: Ibipimo bimwe na bimwe bikoresha uburyo bwubatswemo kugira ngo bigenzure ubuziranenge bw'ibimenyetso nta bikoresho byo hanze.
- Kwishyura ubushyuhe
Niba ubushyuhe bw'amazi buhinduka cyane, menya neza ko sensor y'ubushyuhe ya icyuma ipimwa hamwe n'ibipimo by'amazi atemba, kuko ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'umuraba wa ultrasound.
5. Ibihe bisanzwe byo gupima (Imbonerahamwe y'incamake)
Impamvu y'igihe cyo gupima ubwoko bwa porogaramu
Kwishyura peteroli na gaze, imiti ikoreshwa mu gihe cy'amezi 6-12 ni ingenzi cyane mu kwinjiza no kubahiriza amategeko.
Gutunganya amazi/amazi yanduye amezi 12-24 Bihuza ibikenewe mu buryo buboneye n'ibikenewe mu mikorere.
Kugenzura ibikorwa by'inganda (amazi meza) amezi 24-36 Imiterere ihamye yemerera igihe kirekire.
Igenzura rya HVAC, ritari iry'ingenzi mu myaka 2-3. Ibisabwa ku buryo butanoze; ingaruka nke zo kubangamira ibikorwa.
Ahantu habi (ibitonyanga, ibintu byangiza) Amezi 6-12 Hakenewe igenzura kenshi kugira ngo harebwe uko ibintu bishobora kwangirika cyangwa kwandura.
6. Imbonerahamwe z'amabwiriza n'amahame ngenderwaho
ISO 9001: Sisitemu zo gucunga ubuziranenge zishobora gusaba igenzura rihoraho kugira ngo habeho gukurikirana neza.
Amabwiriza ya API (Ikigo cya Peteroli cy’Abanyamerika): Ku bijyanye n’ikoreshwa rya peteroli na gaze, API RP 14.3 isaba ko hakorwa isuzuma nibura buri mwaka ku bijyanye n’imashini zipima ubwikorezi.
Amabwiriza y’inganda z’amazi: Imiryango nka AWWA (American Water Works Association) ishobora gushyiraho igihe cyo gupima uburyo amazi akwirakwizwa.
Inshuro nziza yo gupima imikorere ya ultrasound ikoreshwa mu gupima imikorere ya ultrasonic iri hagati y'amezi 6 n'imyaka 3, bitewe n'uburemere bw'ikoreshwa, imiterere y'amazi, n'ubuyobozi bw'uruganda. Gukurikirana imikorere buri gihe (urugero, binyuze mu gusuzuma ibintu byubatswe) bishobora gufasha kunoza iyi gahunda, mu gihe impinduka zitunguranye mu bipimo by'imikorere cyangwa ubwiza bw'ibimenyetso bigomba gutuma habaho gupima ako kanya. Buri gihe reba igitabo cy'amabwiriza cy'uruganda kugira ngo ubone inama zijyanye n'icyitegererezo kandi ushyire imbere gupima kugira ngo urebe ko ari ukuri kandi ko byubahirizwa mu gihe kirekire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-22-2025