Ibikoresho byo kohereza urwego: Ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gupima urwego rw'amazi n'urukomeye

Utwuma twohereza ibinyabiziga ku rwego, tuzwi kandi nka sensors zo mu rwego, ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu gupima uburebure bw'ibinyabiziga, ibinyabiziga, cyangwa ibintu bikomeye mu bigega, mu bwato, no mu bigega hirya no hino mu nganda. Gukurikirana neza urwego ni ingenzi mu kugenzura ibikorwa, gucunga ububiko, kugenzura umutekano, no kunoza imikorere. Kuva ku nganda zitunganya peteroli n'inganda zikora imiti kugeza ku nganda zitunganya amazi n'ibicuruzwa bitunganywa, utwuma twohereza ibinyabiziga ku rwego rwo hejuru ni inkingi y'ingenzi ya sisitemu z'inganda n'iz'umujyi, bigatuma hafatwa ibyemezo bishingiye ku makuru kandi bigakumira ibyago by'imikorere.

Utwuma twohereza amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru dushyirwa mu byiciro bitandukanye hashingiwe ku mahame y'imikorere yatwo, buri bwoko bujyanye n'ibisabwa byihariye mu ikoreshwa ryatwo. Ubwoko bukunze gukoreshwa cyane burimo utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga, radar, hydrostatic (ishingiye ku muvuduko), capacitive, na float-type. Utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga na radar ni ibikoresho bidakora ku buryo bworoshye, byiza cyane mu bidukikije bikomeye cyangwa byangiza aho gukorana n'utwuma bidakenewe. Utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga n'utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresha ikoranabuhanga, dutanga ubuziranenge bwo gupima urwego rw'amazi, mu gihe utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bworoshye kandi buri hasi.

Imashini zitanga amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru zidakoraho, nka modeli za ultrasonic na radar, zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kugira ngo zipime urwego rw'ikirere nta gukorana neza kw'umubiri. Imashini zitanga amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru zijya ku buso buciriritse; imashini zigaragara ziramenyekana, kandi igihe cyo kuguruka kigahinduka amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru. Imashini zitanga amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru zikoresha imashini zitanga amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru, zitanga imikorere myiza mu bidukikije birimo ivumbi, umwuka mwinshi, cyangwa imiyaga ihindagurika, kuko zidakorwaho n'ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, cyangwa imiterere iciriritse. Ubwo bwoko bukoreshwa cyane mu bigega bibika imiti ihindagurika, amavuta akomoka ku mavuta, cyangwa ibintu bikomeye nk'ibinyampeke n'amakara.

Utwuma twohereza amazi mu bwoko bwa "contact-type" dukundwa cyane mu bikorwa bisaba ubuhanga n'ubudahangarwa. Utwuma twohereza amazi mu kirere dupima umuvuduko uterwa n'inkingi y'amazi, umuvuduko ujyanye neza n'urwego (P = ρgh, aho ρ ari ubucucike buri hagati, g ni imbaraga rukuruzi, na h ni uburebure buri hagati). Dukwiriye amazi, amavuta, n'ibisigazwa mu miyoboro ifunze cyangwa ifunguye. Utwuma twohereza amazi mu kirere dupima impinduka mu bushobozi bw'amashanyarazi hagati y'utwuma tubiri duterwa n'ihindagurika ry'urwego, dukorana neza n'utwuma dutwara amazi n'utwo dutwara amazi, harimo n'amazi afite imiterere nk'imigozi n'irangi.

Kuba hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kohereza amazi mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga butuma aba ngombwa mu nzego zitandukanye. Mu nganda zikora peteroli na gaze, kohereza amazi mu buryo bwa radar bigenzura urwego rw’amavuta n’ibicuruzwa bitunganyijwe mu bigega byo kubikamo, bikareba ko bifatwa neza kandi bigakurikiranwa neza. Inganda zikora imiti zikoresha kohereza amazi mu buryo burwanya ingese cyangwa kohereza amazi mu buryo bwa radar kugira ngo zipime imiti ishobora kwangiza, zikumire amazi ava mu mazi kandi zigakurikiza amahame y’umutekano. Ibigo bitunganya amazi byishingikiriza ku kohereza amazi mu buryo bwa hydrostatic na ultrasonics kugira ngo bicunge ibigega by’amazi n’ibigega by’amazi mabi, bifasha mu gutunganya neza.

Guhitamo icyuma gitanga amakuru cyo ku rwego rukwiye bisaba gutekereza ku bintu by'ingenzi, harimo ubwoko buri hagati (amazi, akomeye, cyangwa ibitonyanga), ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, n'imiterere y'ibidukikije. Urugero, icyuma gitanga amakuru cyo mu bwoko bwa float ntikibereye ibinyobwa bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bishobora kuziba ibice bigenda, mu gihe icyuma gitanga amakuru cyo muri radar ari cyiza ku bigega bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bifite umuvuduko mwinshi. Gushyiraho neza, nko kwirinda inzitizi zibangamira uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso, no kugenzura buri gihe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ibipimo bikomeze kuba byiza kandi byemewe n'igikoresho.

Bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, utwuma twohereza amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru duhuza amabwiriza y’itumanaho rya elegitoroniki (urugero: HART, Modbus, NB-IoT) n’uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru mu bicu, bigatuma habaho kugenzura kure, gusesengura amakuru mu buryo nyabwo, no kubungabunga amakuru mbere y’igihe. Iyi mikorere igezweho igabanya ikiguzi cy’akazi gakoreshwa n’intoki, yongera imikorere myiza, kandi ikagabanya igihe cyo kudakora. Uko inganda zitabira ikoranabuhanga rikora ibintu mu buryo bwikora n’iry’ikoranabuhanga, utwuma twohereza amakuru ku rwego rwo hejuru dukomeza gutera imbere, tuba igice cy’ingenzi cya sisitemu z’inganda zikora ibintu mu buryo bw’ubwenge, bigatuma habaho iterambere rirambye n’umutekano mu bikorwa byo gupima amakuru ku rwego rw’isi.