Ubwoko bw'ibipimo by'amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gupima ikirere

Intangiriro

Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazini ingenziibikoreshomu gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi atwara imizigo mu nganda nyinshi. Urusobe rw'icyuma gipima amazi gikoresha amashanyarazi rukora imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi. Rukora nk'uruzitiro hagati y'amashanyarazi n'amazi, rurinda amashanyarazi kwangirika no kwemeza ko ibipimo ari byo. Byongeye kandi, rurinda urukuta rw'imbere rw'umubiri w'icyuma gipima amazi kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika kw'amazi. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'urusobe bugenewe kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye by'amazi n'imiterere y'imikorere.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gushyiramo imyenda

1. Imitako y'urushundura

 

• Rubber karemano
  • Rubber isanzwe ni uburyo bworoshye kandi buhendutse bwo gushyiramo. Ifite ubushobozi bwo koroshya ibintu, bigatuma ishobora kwihanganira stress zimwe na zimwe za mekanike mu gihe cyo kuyishyiraho no kuyikoresha. Ikwiriye gupima amazi afite ubushyuhe buri hasi, akenshi agera kuri dogere selisiyusi 60 - 80. Rubber isanzwe nayo irwanya ibisubizo byinshi by'amazi bisanzwe, bigatuma iba amahitamo akunzwe yo gukoreshwa mu nganda zitunganya amazi n'amazi yanduye. Urugero, mu ruganda rutunganya amazi yanduye rwo mu mujyi, ibipimo by'amazi ya electromagnetic bifite rubber karemano bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi yanduye, aho amazi ashobora kuba arimo ibintu bimwe na bimwe bidafite aho bihuriye n'ibindi bintu bitandukanye bya shimi ku bushyuhe buringaniye.
• Rubber ya Neoprene
  • Rubber ya Neoprene itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ibinyabutabire ugereranije na rubber karemano. Ishobora kurwanya ingaruka z'amavuta, lisansi, n'ibindi bintu byinshi bikoreshwa mu bucuruzi. Ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi bikoreshwa mu nganda aho amazi ashobora guhura n'ibintu nk'ibyo. Urugero, mu nganda zikora imodoka, iyo upima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi akonjesha ashobora kuba arimo ibintu birwanya gukonjesha n'ibindi bikoresho, uruvange rwa neoprene rutanga uburinzi bwizewe. Ubushyuhe bwa metero zipima amashanyarazi busanzwe buri hejuru gato y'ubwa rubber karemano, kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 80 - 100.
• Rubber ya Butil
  • Rubber ya butyl ifite ubushobozi bwo kutavogerwa n’imyuka n’umwuka w’amazi. Irwanya cyane ibitero bya shimi, cyane cyane aside na alkali. Ibi bituma ikoreshwa aho amazi yangiza cyane. Mu nganda zikora imiti, iyo upimye urujya n’uruza rw’aside ikomeye cyangwa alkali, ibipimo by’amashanyarazi bya butyl bifite imiyoboro ya butyl ni amahitamo meza. Bishobora gukora ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya - 40°C na 120°C, bigatanga ubushyuhe bunini bwo gukora mu nganda zitandukanye.

2. Udupira twa pulasitiki

 

• Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
  • PVC ni ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa cyane. Birahendutse kandi birwanya imiti myinshi isanzwe. Ibipimo by'amazi bya PVC bikoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa birakwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, kuko PVC idahumanya kandi ikurikiza amahame y'isuku. Urugero, mu ruganda rukora imitobe y'imbuto, ibipimo by'amazi bya PVC bishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima amazi atembera mu gihe cyo kuyakora. Ariko, PVC ifite ubushyuhe buke, akenshi bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 60 - 70.
• Polyethylene (PE)
  • PE, cyane cyane polyethylene ifite ubucucike bwinshi (HDPE), izwiho gukomera kwayo no kudakoresha imiti. Ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi bikozwe muri HDPE bikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa aho amazi ashobora kuba arimo uduce duto. Mu nganda z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, iyo upimye urujya n'uruza rw'amazi (uruvange rw'amazi n'uduce duto), uruvange rwa HDPE rushobora kwihanganira kwangirika guterwa n'uduce duto. Ibipimo by'amazi bipima PE bishobora gukora ku bushyuhe bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 80 - 90, bitewe n'urwego rwihariye rwa polyethylene.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
  • PTFE ni pulasitiki ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru kandi irwanya cyane imiti. Ishobora kurwanya imiti hafi ya yose, harimo aside ikomeye, alkali, n'ibintu biyungurura ibinyabuzima. Ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi bikozwe muri PTFE bikoreshwa ahantu hangiza cyane, nko mu nganda zikora imiti mu gupima imiti ikoreshwa cyane. PTFE ifite kandi coefficient nke cyane yo gukururana, bifasha kugabanya gufatana kw'amazi ku gipfundikizo, bigatuma amazi apimwa neza. Ubushyuhe bwa PTFE ni bunini cyane, kuva kuri - 200°C kugeza kuri 260°C, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bworoshye.

3. Imitako y'ibumba

 

• Ibumba rya Alumina
  • Ibumba rya alumina rirakomeye cyane kandi riraramba. Ni ryiza cyane gukoreshwa aho amazi arimo uduce duto cyane. Urugero, mu nganda za sima, iyo upimye urujya n'uruza rw'isima, rurimo uduce duto twa sima, ibumba rya alumina rikozwe mu buryo bwa electromagnetic rishobora gutanga serivisi yizewe igihe kirekire. Ibumba rya alumina rinafite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ibinyabutabire, cyane cyane aside na alkali ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Rishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 1000, bigatuma rikoreshwa mu nganda zishyushye cyane.
• Ibumba rya Zirconia
  • Ibumba rya Zirconia ritanga imiterere myiza ya mekanike n'ubudahangarwa bwa shimi. Rirwanya cyane ubushyuhe bw'ingufu ugereranije n'ibindi bikoresho bya zirconia. Ibipimo by'amazi ya zirconia bikoreshwa mu bikorwa aho amazi ashobora kugira impinduka zihuse z'ubushyuhe. Mu nganda zikora ibirahure, iyo upima urujya n'uruza rw'ibirahure bishongeshejwe, umwambaro wa zirconia urashobora guhangana n'ikirere gishyushye cyane n'ubushyuhe bukabije, ndetse n'ubushyuhe bushobora kwiyongera mu gihe cy'igikorwa.

Ibigomba kwitabwaho mu guhitamo

Mu gihe uhitamo ubwoko bw'igitambaro cyo gutwikiramoIgipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, hari ibintu byinshi bigomba kwitabwaho. Imiterere y'amazi, harimo imiterere yayo ya shimi, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, no kuba hari uduce duto two kwangirika, ni ingenzi cyane. Ku mazi yangiza cyane, ibikoresho nka PTFE cyangwa bimwe na bimwe bya ceramic bishobora gukenerwa. Mu ikoreshwa ry'amazi yangiza cyane, ni byiza gukoresha imigozi idashira nka rabha (ku masanduku adakomeye cyane) cyangwa ceramic. Ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'ibikoresho bya membrane bigomba kandi guhuza n'imiterere y'imikorere y'icyuma gipima amazi. Byongeye kandi, igiciro n'ubushobozi n'imikorere bihuye na sisitemu rusange, harimo na electrodes n'umubiri wa meter, bigomba kwitabwaho.

Mu gusoza, guhitamo ubwoko bw'umugozi bukwiye kuIgipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazini icyemezo cy'ingenzi kigira ingaruka ku mikorere, kuramba, no ku kuri kw'ibipimo by'amazi mu nganda zitandukanye. Mu gusuzuma neza imiterere y'amazi n'imiterere y'imikorere, ibikoresho bikwiye cyane bishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo harebwe imikorere yizewe kandi inoze y'icyuma gipima amazi gikoresha amashanyarazi.