- Inganda z'ibinyabutabire
- Uburyo bwo Kugenzura Uburyo Bikorwa n'Igenzura ry'Ibikorwa: Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amazi bigira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'ibinyabutabire. Urugero, mu mikorere ya polymerization, gupima neza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi ya monomer (nka ethylene mu ikorwa rya polyethylene) na catalysts ni ingenzi. Mu kugenzura neza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi, abahanga mu bya shimi bashobora kunoza imiterere y'imikorere, harimo igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi, umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa, n'ubwiza. Ikipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi gituma habaho gukurikirana no guhindura igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi ya reactors mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo reactions zikomeze uko zibyifuza.
- Kuvanga no Kuvanga: Mu gukora imvange y'imiti n'ibisubizo, ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amazi bikoreshwa mu gupima neza urujya n'uruza rw'ibice bitandukanye. Urugero, mu gukora irangi, urujya n'uruza rw'ibintu bishongesha, resins, irangi, n'ibindi bigomba kugenzurwa neza. Ibi byemeza ko umusaruro wa nyuma uhoraho kandi ufite ireme. Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amazi bituma habaho kugenzura mu buryo bwikora ibikorwa byo kuvanga, bigabanura amakosa y'abantu kandi bikagenzura neza ingano nyayo y'ibice.
- Inganda z'imiti
- Gukora imiti: Mu gukora imiti, gukora imiti neza ni ingenzi cyane. Ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu gupima ubwinshi bw'ibintu bikora imiti (API) n'ibindi bikoresho mu gihe cyo kuyikora. Urugero, mu gukora ibinini, ubwinshi bw'amazi bikoreshwa muri API n'ibindi bice nk'ibifunga, ibyuzuza, n'amavuta bigomba kugenzurwa neza kugira ngo harebwe neza ingano n'ubwiza bya buri kinini. Byongeye kandi, ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu buryo bwo gusukura no kumisha kugira ngo bigenzure ubwinshi bw'amazi akoreshwa muri ibyo bikorwa (nk'umwuka cyangwa azote) bikoreshwa muri ibyo bikorwa.
- Sisitemu zo gusukura no gukaraba (CIP) no gukaraba (SIP): Mu bigo bikora imiti, sisitemu za CIP na SIP zikoreshwa mu gusukura no gukaraba ibikoresho. Ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu gupima ubwinshi bw'ibintu bisukura no gukaraba (nk'isabune n'umwuka) kugira ngo habeho isuku no gukaraba neza. Ibi bifasha kubungabunga isuku n'umutekano w'ibicuruzwa bya farumasi.
- Inganda z'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa
- Gupima Ibikoresho: Ibipimo by'amazi menshi bikoreshwa mu gupima neza ubwinshi bw'ibintu mu ikorwa ry'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa. Urugero, mu gukora ibinyobwa bidasembuye, amazi menshi, ibiryo biryoshye, ibirungo, na dioxyde de carbone bigomba kugenzurwa neza. Mu ikorwa ry'imigati, ubwinshi bw'ifu, isukari, umusemburo, n'ibindi bikoresho bipimwa kugira ngo harebwe ko umusaruro uhoraho. Gukoresha ibipimo by'amazi menshi bituma habaho guhuza mu buryo bwikora, kugabanya imyanda no kwemeza ko uburyo bukwiye bukurikizwa.
- Kugenzura Imikorere no Gupakira: Mu mirongo itunganya ibiribwa, ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu kugenzura no kugenzura ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa mu gihe cyo gupakira, guhuza ibiribwa, no gupakira. Urugero, mu ruganda rutunganya amata, amazi agenda binyuze mu ruganda rutunganya amata n'imashini zuzuza amata bipimwa kugira ngo harebwe ko ingano ikwiye y'ibicuruzwa irimo gutunganywa no gupakirwa. Ibi bifasha mu kugenzura ubuziranenge no kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amategeko.
- Inganda za Peteroli na Gazi
- Guhanahana ububiko: Ibipimo by'amazi menshi bikoreshwa mu gupima neza peteroli, ibikomoka kuri peteroli itunganyijwe, na gaze karemano mu gihe cyo guhanahana ububiko hagati y'impande zitandukanye (nk'abakora, abatwara imizigo, n'abaguzi). Gupima neza amazi menshi bitanga icyizere cy'ubucuruzi buboneye no kubahiriza amasezerano. Byongeye kandi, ibipimo by'amazi menshi bikoreshwa mu kugenzura amazi menshi mu miyoboro kugira ngo harebwe aho amazi aturuka kandi hagaragazwe umutekano n'ubuziranenge bw'imiyoboro.
- Uburyo bwo gutunganya lisansi: Mu nganda zitunganya lisansi, ibipimo by'amazi menshi bikoreshwa mu gupima ingano y'amazi meza (nk'amavuta mashya), ibicuruzwa biri hagati, n'ibicuruzwa bya nyuma. Urugero, ingano y'amazi meza, mazutu, na lisansi yo mu bwoko bwa jet ipimwa mu gihe cyo gutunganya lisansi kugira ngo harebwe umusaruro n'ubwiza byayo. Ibipimo by'amazi menshi bigira uruhare mu kugenzura imikorere, nko mu kugenzura inkingi za distillation na catalytic reactors.
- Inganda zitanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi
- Gutanga lisansi: Mu nganda zitanga amashanyarazi, ibipimo by'amazi bikoreshwa mu gupima ubwinshi bw'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima ubwinshi bw'amazi akoreshwa mu gutwika nka za gazi karemano, na biomass. Gupima neza ubwinshi bw'amazi akoreshwa mu gutwika ni ingenzi kugira ngo umuriro utwikwe neza kandi ubyazwe amashanyarazi neza. Urugero, mu nganda zitanga gazi karemano, ubwinshi bw'amazi akoreshwa mu gutwika gazi bupimwe kugira ngo hakorwe neza ikoreshwa rya lisansi n'ingufu zitangwa. Mu nganda zitanga amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gutwika gazi karemano, ubwinshi bw'amazi akoreshwa mu gutwika gazi apimwe kugira ngo hamenyekane ko umuriro utwikwa neza kandi huzuzwe ibipimo by'ibyuka bihumanya.
- Umwotsi n'amazi atembera: Ibipimo by'amazi atembera nabyo bikoreshwa mu gupima ubwinshi bw'amazi atembera mu nganda zitanga ingufu. Mu nganda zitanga ingufu zishingiye ku mwuka – turbine, ubwinshi bw'amazi atembera mu nganda zitanga ingufu bupimirwa kugira ngo hagenzurwe amashanyarazi asohoka. Ubwinshi bw'amazi akonje muri kondensateri bupimirwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ubushyuhe bwiyongera neza kandi hirindwe ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-09-2024