Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi(EMFs) zabaye inkingi y'ingenzi yagupima amazimu nganda zitandukanye zo mu Burayi, hifashishijwe ubushobozi bwazo bwo gutanga amakuru nyayo kandi yizewe mu bikorwa birimo amazi atwara imizigo. Imikorere yazo, ishingiye ku itegeko rya Faraday ryo gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, yemerera gupima ibintu bidahungabanya ibidukikije, bigatuma ziba nziza ku bidukikije bikomeye by'i Burayi n'inganda zigamije kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Mu rwego rw'amazi n'amazi yanduye, ibihugu by'i Burayi bishyira imbere imicungire myiza y'umutungo kamere, kandi EMF zigira uruhare runini hano. Mu bihugu nk'Ubuholandi, aho imicungire y'amazi ari ingenzi bitewe n'imiterere yayo iri hasi, EMF zigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi meza mu miyoboro ikwirakwiza amazi, zigatanga igihombo gito kandi zigatanga amazi ku buryo bungana. Ni ingenzi cyane mu nganda zitunganya amazi yanduye hirya no hino mu Budage na Scandinavia, aho zipima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi yanduye n'imyanda. Bitandukanye n'ibipimo by'imashini, EMF zicunga ingano y'ibintu bikomeye n'ubukana butandukanye bw'ayo mazi nta kuziba, bigashyigikira iyubahirizwa ry'amabwiriza yo kuvura amazi yanduye yo mu mijyi ya EU. Urugero, mu bigo by'amazi yanduye byo mu mujyi wa Berlin,EMFsgukurikirana amazi anyura mu bigega by'umwuka n'uburyo bwo kuyungurura, kunoza ikoreshwa ry'ingufu no kwemeza ko amazi yasukuwe yujuje ibisabwa byose byo kuyasohora.
Inganda zikora imiti, zikora cyane mu bukungu mu bihugu nk'Ubudage, Ubufaransa, n'Ububiligi, zishingikiriza cyane kuri EMF. Izi metero zirakomeye mu gupima imiti ihumanya, uburozi, cyangwa isukuye cyane—nk'aside, alkali, n'ibindi bikoresho by'imiti—ntizihinduye imiterere yazo. Mu kigo cya BASF cya Ludwigshafen, kimwe mu bigo binini by'imiti mu Burayi, EMF zigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'imiti ikora mu gihe cyo kuyitunganya, zigasuzuma neza uburyo ivangavanga neza kandi zikagabanya imyanda. Imiterere yazo y'isuku, akenshi ifite imigozi yoroshye kandi idafite imyenge, inatuma zikwiriye gutunganywa mu buryo bw'imiti mu biribwa, zihuye n'amategeko y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi nka REACH.
Umusaruro w'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, urwego rufite amahame y'isuku n'ubuziranenge mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, rwungukira cyane muri EMFs. Mu nganda za makaroni n'amavuta ya elayo zo mu Butaliyani, bapimaamazi atemba, isosi, n'amavuta, aho n'ibyago bito byo kwandura bidakwiye kwemerwa. Ibipimo bya EMFs byo kudahuza (nta bice byimuka) bikuraho ibyago byo kwandura ibicuruzwa, bubahiriza amabwiriza agenga umutekano w'ibiribwa ya EU. Mu bigo bitunganya amata muri Danemark no mu Buholandi, bakurikirana amata n'ibirungo bya whey mu gihe cyo gupakira no gupakira, bagenzura ko ibicuruzwa bifite ubuziranenge buhamye kandi bakagabanya imyanda myinshi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo gufata amazi make n'ayoroheje bituma bakoresha ibintu byinshi kuva ku mitobe y'imbuto muri Esipanye kugeza ku nzoga muri Repubulika ya Tchèque.
Ubwitange bw'i Burayi ku ngufu zishobora kongera ikoreshwa rya EMFs, cyane cyane mu ngufu zikomoka ku mazi. Muri Otirishiya no mu Busuwisi, aho ubutaka bw'imisozi miremire bushyigikira inganda nyinshi z'amashanyarazi, EMFs zipima amazi anyura muri turbines, zigakoresha ingufu zitangwa neza mu gihe zirinda urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi. Zikoreshwa kandi mu bigo bya biogas hirya no hino mu Budage no mu Bufaransa, zigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'ibinyampeke n'imyanda y'ibinyabuzima mu mikorere y'igogora ry'amazi adafite umwuka—ni ingenzi cyane mu gukora neza kwa methane. Ibi bihuye n'intego z'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi ku bijyanye n'ibidukikije, zigatanga ingufu zirambye binyuze mu gupima neza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi.
Mu nganda zikora imiti, aho ubuhanga buhanitse ari ingenzi cyane, EMF ni ingenzi cyane. Ibihugu nka Irilande, Ubusuwisi, na Suwede, aho usanga hari ibigo bikomeye bicuruza imiti, bikoresha EMF mu gupima amazi meza, imiti isukuye, n'ibintu bikora mu gihe cyo gukora imiti. Ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gutanga ubuziranenge bwo hejuru (akenshi buri hagati ya ± 0.5%) n'ibipimo bikurikiranwa bishyigikira iyubahirizwa ry'amahame ngenderwaho y'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi mu bijyanye no gukora imiti (GMP). Urugero, mu nganda zikora inkingo, EMF zigenzura ko ibice bigize imiti bipimwa neza, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikorere n'umutekano w'umusaruro.
Byongeye kandi, EMFs zigira uruhare mu kugenzura ibidukikije hirya no hino mu Burayi. Zikoreshwa mu migezi no mu nkengero z'inyanjagukurikiranaimiyoboro mu Bwongereza, mu Bufaransa no muri Porutugali, bakurikirana urujya n'uruza rw'imyanda iva mu nganda kandi bakareba ko amabwiriza y'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi agenga amazi yubahirizwa. Mu turere two ku nkombe nka Mediterane, EMFs zigenzura isohoka ry'amazi akonje mu nganda z'amashanyarazi, bigafasha mu kugabanya ihumana ry'ubushyuhe no kurinda ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.
Muri make, ibipimo by'amashanyarazi byinjijwe mu buryo buboneye mu nganda, ibidukikije, n'amategeko agenga ikoreshwa ryabyo mu Burayi. Ubuhanga bwabyo, ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye, n'ubushobozi bwo kubahiriza amahame akomeye bituma biba ingenzi mu gucunga amazi, gutunganya imiti, gukora ibiribwa, ingufu zisubiramo, no gukora imiti—bishyigikira intego z'i Burayi zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, gukora neza no kubahiriza amategeko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-17-2025