Imiterere n'udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ibipimo by'amashanyarazi

Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi bimaze igihe kinini ari ingenzi mu nganda zisaba gupima neza umuvuduko w'amazi atwara imizigo. Bishingiye ku ihame rya Faraday ryo kwinjizwa kwa electromagnetic, bitanga voltage ijyanye n'umuvuduko w'amazi atwara imizigo anyura mu butaka bwa rukuruzi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere ku muvuduko wihuse, imiterere y'ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi nayo irimo ihinduka rikomeye. Iri terambere ntiryongera gusa imikorere n'imikorere y'ibi bipimo ahubwo rinafungura uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha mu nzego zitandukanye.

Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi bigezweho bifite ibikoresho byo gupima amazi byihuta cyane. Uburyo bwo gukora neza butuma ibice by'imbere, nka electrodes na magnetic coils, bikorwa neza cyane. Urugero, bamwe mu bakora ibikoresho bakoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora electrodes zifite ubuso bworoshye. Ibi bigabanya ingaruka zo kwangirika no guhumanya ikirere, ibibazo bisanzwe mu miterere gakondo. Ubuso bworoshye bwa electrodes bugabanya ikorwa rya biofilms cyangwa ibisigazwa mu gihe cyo gupima amazi mu bikorwa nko gutunganya amazi yanduye cyangwa gukora ibiryo n'ibinyobwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibipimo bishobora kugumana ibipimo nyabyo mu gihe kirekire hatabayeho gupima cyangwa kubungabunga kenshi.

Algoritime zo gutunganya ibimenyetso zarushijeho kuba nziza cyane. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso by'ikoranabuhanga (DSP) bukoreshwa cyane mu gusesengura urusaku n'ingaruka mbi. Mu nganda, ibipimo by'amashanyarazi bikunze guhura n'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi ruturuka kuri moteri, transformers, n'ibindi bikoresho. Algoritime nshya zishobora kumenya no gukuraho urusaku rudakenewe, bikongera igipimo cy'urusaku hagati y'ibimenyetso n'urusaku. Urugero, algoritime zo kuyungurura zihindagurika zishobora guhindura imiterere y'urusaku mu gihe nyacyo. Ibi bituma icyuma gipima neza voltage iterwa, ndetse no mu gihe hari impanuka zikomeye z'amashanyarazi. Uburyo bumwe bugezweho bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso nabwo butuma icyuma gikosora imiterere y'urusaku idahuye, birushaho kunoza uburyo bwo gupima.

Icyerekezo cyo gukoresha ibikoresho bike giterwa no gukenera ibikoresho bito kandi binini, cyane cyane mu bikorwa aho umwanya ari uw'igiciro kinini. Ubu hari ibipimo bito by'amashanyarazi bipima ubunini bw'imiyoboro bito nka santimetero 0.5. Ibi bikoresho bito byuzuyemo ubushobozi butandukanye, harimo guhuza itumanaho rya elegitoroniki, amahitamo menshi yo gusohora nka 4 - 20 mA, pulse, na switch outputs. Ni byiza gukoreshwa mu bikoresho byo gupima, mu bikoresho bya laboratwari, cyangwa mu bikoresho byo kugenzura kure aho metero nini zisanzwe zitaba zikenewe. Nubwo ari nto, bigumana ubuhanga bwo gupima, bigatuma biba byiza mu bikorwa bisaba gupima neza amazi mu gice gito.

Kugira ngo bahaze ibyifuzo by'inganda zitandukanye, abakora ibipimo by'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazi bakoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byihariye. Mu bikorwa birimo amazi ahumanya cyane, nko mu nganda zikora imiti, ibikoresho nka Hastelloy C, Tantalum, na PTFE birimo gukoreshwa. Ibi bikoresho bitanga ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika, bigatuma igipimo cy'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazi kiramba igihe kirekire. Urugero, mu ruganda rukora aside sulfure, igipimo cy'amazi gifite umuyoboro wa Tantalum hamwe na electrode za Hastelloy C zishobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bibi bya shimi bidasenyutse. Ibi ntibyongera igihe cyo kubaho cya meter gusa ahubwo binagabanya gukenera gusimburwa kenshi, bigatuma amafaranga azigamwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Guhuza ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi na interineti y'ibintu (IoT) biri guhindura uburyo bikoreshwa mu nganda. Ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi bishobora kohereza amakuru y'igihe nyacyo ku muvuduko w'amazi, ubushyuhe, n'ibindi bipimo bifatika kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Ibi bituma habaho igenzura no kugenzura kure, bigatuma ababikora bafata ibyemezo bisobanutse neza ku gihe. Urugero, mu muyoboro w'amazi ukwirakwiza amazi, ibipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi bihuza na IoT bishobora kubona amazi ava cyangwa imiterere idasanzwe y'amazi ako kanya. Amakuru ashobora gusesengurwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ibikenewe mu kubungabunga, kunoza ikwirakwizwa ry'amazi, no kugabanya igihombo cy'amazi. Uru rwego rwo guhuza kandi rutuma habaho guhuza neza n'ibindi bikoresho na sisitemu by'ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bw'inganda.

Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi bigezweho bifite ubushobozi bwo gusuzuma imikorere yabyo. Bishobora gukurikirana imikorere yabyo buri gihe, bikareba ibibazo nko kwangirika kwa electrode, amakosa mu mbaraga za rukuruzi, cyangwa ibibazo by'itumanaho. Binyuze mu gusesengura ibipimo by'imbere, ibi bipimo bishobora guhanura amakosa ashobora kubaho mbere yuko bibaho. Urugero, niba icyuma gipima electrode kibonye ukwiyongera guke mu mikorere ya electrode, gishobora kuburira abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga, bigatuma basimbuza electrode mu buryo butunguranye. Ubu buryo bwo kubungabunga imiterere y'amashanyarazi bugabanya igihe cyo kudakora neza, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu nganda aho gukora ibikorwa bidasubirwaho ari ngombwa, nko gukora amashanyarazi cyangwa gukora peteroli na gaze.

Uburyo bushya bwo gushyushya, nko gushyushya inshuro ebyiri no gushyushya imbaraga za master, burimo gukorwa kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo gupima amashanyarazi neza. Ubu buryo bwo gushyushya bugabanya ingaruka z'ibintu nk'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi rufite inshuro nke, cyane cyane iyo upima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi afite ibice bibiri. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibipimo bigezweho by'amashanyarazi bishobora kugera ku buziranenge bwo gupima bwa ± 0.5% cyangwa ndetse na ± 0.2% byerekana amakosa, ugereranije n'uburyo bwa kera. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bw'ibi bipimo bwongerewe. Ubu bashobora gupima neza urwego rwagutse rw'umuvuduko w'amazi, kuva ku muvuduko muto cyane kugeza ku muvuduko mwinshi, batitaye ku buziranenge. Ibi bituma birushaho kuba byiza kandi bikwiranye n'uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.

Ikoranabuhanga rya electromagnetic flow metre ririmo gutera imbere cyane. Kuva ku iterambere mu gushushanya sensor no gutunganya ibimenyetso kugeza ku guhuza imikorere myiza n'iy'ikoranabuhanga, ubu bushya burimo kongera imikorere, ukwizerwa, no gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye bya electromagnetic flow metre. Icyerekezo cyo gukora electromagnetic flow metre no gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye kirimo kwagura uburyo bwo kubikoresha, mu gihe kunoza ubushishozi no kuba ahantu hatandukanye biri gutuma biba ibikoresho byo gupima neza. Mu gihe inganda zikomeje gusaba urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora electromagnetic flow metre nta gushidikanya ko rizagira uruhare runini mu kuzuza ibi bisabwa. Ahazaza hari icyizere kinini, hamwe n'iterambere ryitezwe mu nzego nko gusesengura amakuru y'ibipimo by'ikoranabuhanga no guhuza ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu itumanaho.