Ni izihe nyungu z'ikimenyetso cy'amazi gipima amashanyarazi ugereranyije n'ikimenyetso cy'amazi gipima amashanyarazi ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga?

Byombiibipimo by'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazi(magmeters) naIbipimo by'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima ikirere hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhangazikoreshwa cyane mu gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi mu bikorwa bitandukanye, kandi buri koranabuhanga rifite ibyiza byaryo byihariye bitewe n'ibyo rikeneye. Iyo ugereranije ibyo byombi,ibipimo by'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazimuri rusange bifite ibyiza bitandukanye mu bice bimwe na bimwe. Dore ibyiza by'ingenzi by'ibipimo by'umuvuduko wa electromagnetic ugereranije n'ibipimo by'umuvuduko wa ultrasound:

1. Ikorana n'ibinyabutabire bikoresha amashanyarazi

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Magmeters zishobora gupima gusa urujya n'uruza rwaibinyobwa bifata amazi(abafite ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi buciriritse, ubusanzwe ni ≥ 5 µS/cm). Ibi birimo amazi, amazi yanduye, imiti, n'ibinyabutabire. Igipimo ntigishingiye ku miterere y'amazi nk'ubushyuhe, igitutu, cyangwa ubushyuhe, igihe cyose amazi ari yo atwara amashanyarazi.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo by'amazi bipima ikirere bishobora gupima ubwoko bwinshi bw'amazi, harimo n'amazi adatwara amazi (nk'amavuta na hydrocarbons). Ariko, ku mazi yanduye cyangwa afite ubukana bwinshi, uburyo bwa Doppler bukoreshwa muri bimwe mu bipimo by'amazi bushobora kugorana, mu gihe magmeters zisanzwe zikora neza mu gukoresha amazi yanduye n'amazi yanduye igihe cyose amazi ari yo atwara amazi.

2. Ibice Bidakora

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Imwe mu nyungu z'ibanze z'ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ni uko nta bice bigenda bigira, bivuze ko ariidasambaIbi bijyana kurikubungabunga bike, igihe kirekire cyo gukora, kandi ingaruka nke zo kwangirika kw'imashini bitewe n'ibice bigenda.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa UltrasonicNubwo ibipimo by'amazi bipima ikirere bitagira ibice byimuka (cyane cyane mu bwoko bw'igihe cyo kunyuramo), bimwe mu bipimo by'amazi bipima ikirere bipima ikirere, cyane cyane ibikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Doppler, bishobora guhura n'imbogamizi iyo amazi arimo utubumbe cyangwa uduce duto.

3. Ifite Ishingiro Ryinshi mu Gutembera Guhamye

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'AmashanyaraziMagmeters niby'ukuri cyaneku bijyanye n'imiterere y'amazi ihoraho, akenshi itanga amakuru afatika± 0.5% kugeza ± 1%y'umuvuduko w'amazi. Bizerwa cyane cyane iyo amazi atembera mu buryo buhoraho kandi amazi akaba afite umuvuduko, kuko bipima umuvuduko w'amazi hakoreshejwe itegeko rya Faraday ryo kuzana umusaruro.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic, cyane cyane ubwoko bw'igihe cyo gutwara, nabyo ni ukuri ariko bishobora kwanduza cyane impinduka mu mikorere y'amazi, ibikoresho by'imiyoboro, n'imiterere y'amazi. Urugero, bishobora kudakora neza mu buryo bufite umuyaga mwinshi cyangwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenda.

4. Urugendo Rurerure rw'Amazi

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Ibipimo by'amashanyarazi bishobora gufataubwoko bwinshi cyane bw'umuvuduko w'amazi, kuva ku mazi make cyane kugeza ku mazi menshi cyane. Ibi bituma akoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, cyane cyane mu nganda no mu buryo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye aho umuvuduko w’amazi ushobora guhinduka cyane.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic bikunze gutanga igipimo cyagutse cyo kugabanuka kw'amazi, ariko bishobora kudahangana n'umuvuduko mwinshi cyane cyangwa muto cyane w'amazi ku buryo bungana n'ubw'ibipimo bya electromagnetic.

5. Nta kwishingikiriza ku miterere y'amazi

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Magmeters ahanini nintiyumva imiterere y'amazink'ubucucike, ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe, n'umuvuduko (igihe cyose amazi ari moteri). Bapima umuvuduko utaziguye uturutse ku butaka bwa elegitoroniki bukorerwa mu muyoboro, bityo impinduka muri ibi bipimo zigira ingaruka nke ku buryo buboneye.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic, cyane cyane ibishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ryo mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mpinduka mu bushyuhe bw'amazi, umuvuduko, n'ubucucike bw'amazi, bishobora gusaba indishyi cyangwa gupima. Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic nabyo bisaba gupima neza ubwoko butandukanye bw'amazi n'ibikoresho by'imiyoboro.

6. Nta mpamvu yo gukosora imiterere y'urumuri

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Ibipimo by'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi bishobora gutanga ingero nyazo cyane ndetse no mu miyoboro ifiteimiterere y'imigendekere idakwiyeMubisanzwe ntabwo bisabaimiterere y'amazi atembacyangwa imiyoboro igororotse hejuru no munsi y'umuyoboro, bigatuma byoroha kuyishyira mu buryo butandukanye bwo kuyishyiraho.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic bishobora gusabaimiyoboro igororotse(ubusanzwe umurambararo w'imiyoboro 10-20 uturutse hejuru n'umurambararo w'imiyoboro 5-10 uturutse hasi) kugira ngo harebwe neza ibipimo, cyane cyane ku bipimo bya ultrasound mu gihe cyo gutwara. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ibintu mu buryo butandukanye muri bimwe na bimwe.

7. Ubushobozi bwo gupima ibinure n'amazi mabi

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Magmeters igira akamaro cyane mu mikoreshereze ahoibinure, ibinyobwa byanduye, cyangwa ibinyobwa bifite uduce duto tugomba gupimwa. Kubera ko bikora binyuze mu gutera imbaraga z'amashanyarazi, ntibikunze kwanduza ibintu, utubumbe tw'umwuka, n'uduce duto mu mazi ugereranije na ultrasound, bishobora gusaba Doppler effect gupima amazi mu bihe nk'ibyo.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic, cyane cyane ibikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Doppler, bishobora gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi afite ibintu bikomeye bihagaze, uduheri, cyangwa ibintu bihumanya, ariko ubu buryo bushobora gutuma habaho ubushishozi buke cyangwa imbogamizi mu gihe ingano y'uduce tw'amazi ari hejuru cyane.

8. Nta gukosora ibinyabiziga bidasanzwe bikenewe

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Magmeters ntizisaba gupima amazi mu buryo bwihariye igihe cyose amazi ari mu buryo buyobora. Igipimo kizatanga ibipimo nyabyo hatabayeho gupima amazi bitewe n'impinduka z'amazi, bigatuma zirushaho gukoreshwa neza kandi zoroshye gukoreshwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic: Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic bikunze gukenera gupima amazi runaka, cyane cyane iyo imiterere y'amazi (urugero: ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe, nibindi) ihindutse. Ku bipimo bishingiye kuri Doppler, kuba hari utubumbe tw'umwuka cyangwa uduce duto bihagaze bigira ingaruka ku buryo buboneye kandi bishobora gusaba ko habaho gupima andi mazi cyangwa ibipimo byihariye byo gushyiraho.

9. Uburyo bwo kugabanya ikiguzi ku bijyanye n'amazi atwara imizigo

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Ku bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'amazi akoresha amashanyarazi, ibipimo by'amazi akoresha amashanyarazi bikunze kubabihendutsemu gihe kirekire bitewe nuko zikora neza, zidakorerwa isuku nke, kandi zikaba ziramba. Ni nziza cyane mu gukora neza kandi igihe kirekire.
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa UltrasonicNubwo ibipimo by'amazi bipima ikirere hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (ultrasonic flow metre) bishobora gukoreshwa ku mazi menshi, ikiguzi cyabyo cya mbere akenshi kiba kiri hejuru, kandi kuyabungabunga igihe kirekire bishobora guhenda cyane bitewe no gupima no kubangamira ibimenyetso, cyane cyane amazi yanduye cyangwa ahindagurika.

10.Kuramba cyane mu bihe bikomeye

• Igipimo cy'Iterambere ry'Amashanyarazi: Magmeters muri rusangebikomeye kurushahokandi ikabasha guhangana n’ibidukikije bikomeye by’inganda, harimo ubushyuhe bukabije, umuvuduko w’ikirere, n’ibintu byangiza, cyane cyane iyo byakozwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bikwiye (urugero: icyuma kitagira umugese, PFA, nibindi).
• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa UltrasonicNubwo ibipimo bya ultrasound biramba, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kubangamirwa cyane n'urusaku, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, cyangwa ihindagurika ry'ubucucike bw'amazi. Byongeye kandi, imiterere imwe n'imwe (cyane cyane ubwoko bwa clamp-on) ishobora kuba yoroshye kwanga ubuso bw'aho ishyirwa cyangwa imiterere y'ibidukikije.

Incamake: Ibyiza by'ibipimo by'amashanyarazi kurusha ibipimo by'amashanyarazi

• Ikorana n'amazi ayobora amashanyarazi(bikwiriye amazi, amazi yanduye, ibicanwa, n'imiti).
• Nta bice byimuka, biganisha kurikubungabunga bikekandi ubuzima burambye.
• Uburinganire bwo hejurukugira ngo habeho imiterere y'urujya n'uruza rudahindagurika, hamwe± 0.5% kugeza ± 1%ubunyangamugayo.
• Ikora ku rugero runini rw'amazi anyuramo, kuva ku muvuduko muto cyane kugeza ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane.
• Ntiyumva imiterere y'amazink'ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n'ubushyuhe.
• Ntibisaba ibice birebire by'imiyoboro igororotsekugira ngo bishyirweho.
• Igira akamaro ku bintu bivanze n'amazi yanduyenta gihombo gikomeye mu kuri.
• Nta gupima byihariyebikenewe ku mazi atandukanye ayobora amashanyarazi.
• Iramba mu bidukikije bikomeyekandi ikabasha guhangana n'umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Umwanzuro:

Mu giheIbipimo by'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima ikirere hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhangazikoreshwa cyane, cyane cyane ku bintu bidafite amashanyarazi kandi bifite isuku,ibipimo by'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazimuri rusange zizewe kandi zihendutse mu bikorwa birimoibinyobwa bifata amazi, ibinurecyangwaibinyobwa byanduye. Bitanga ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, ntibisaba gusanwa cyane, kandi bibereye gukoreshwa mu nganda. Ariko, ikibazo gikomeye bafite ni uko badashobora gukoreshwa mu bintu bidafite amashanyarazi (urugero: amavuta na gaze), mu gihe ibipimo bya ultrasonic bishobora gupima ibipimo by'amazi bikoresha amashanyarazi n'ibidakoresha amashanyarazi. Guhitamo hagati y'ubu bwoko bubiri bwa metero biterwa ahanini n'ubwoko bwihariye bw'amazi n'ibikenewe mu gukoresha.