Imiyoboro y'amazi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kuzirikana mu gihe ushyirahoIgipimo cy'amazi gikoreshwa mu gupima ikirere gikoresheje ikoranabuhangaNubwo transducers zishyirwa inyuma y'umuyoboro, ikimenyetso cya ultrasound kigomba kunyura mu rukuta rw'umuyoboro, kandi akenshi, mu gice cy'imbere mbere yo kugera ku mazi.

Bityo rero, ubwoko n'ubugari bw'umuyoboro w'imiyoboro bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kuimbaraga z'ikimenyetso, kohereza amajwi, intera iri hagati ya transducers, n'uburyo ibipimo bihamye.

1. Ni gute ikimenyetso cya Ultrasonic kinyura mu muyoboro urimo umurongo?

Ku gipimo gisanzwe cy’amazi gipima ikirere, ikimenyetso cya ultrasound gikurikiza inzira isa na:

Transducer → Urukuta rw'imiyoboro → Umwambaro w'imiyoboro → Amazi → Umwambaro w'imiyoboro → Urukuta rw'imiyoboro → Transducer

Bitandukanye n'icyuma gipima amazi gikoreshwa mu gushyiramo, transducers ntizikora ku mazi mu buryo butaziguye.

Ikimenyetso cya ultrasound kigomba kunyura mu bikoresho bitandukanye mbere yuko kigera ku mazi. Buri gikoresho gifite imiterere itandukanye y'ijwi, bityo ikimenyetso gishobora kugira ishusho, guhindagurika, no kugabanuka kw'aho ibikoresho bihurira.

Niyo mpamvu umuyoboro w'amazi ugomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo gushyiraho icyuma gipima amashanyarazi gikoresha ikoranabuhanga.

2. Kuki ibikoresho byo mu gisenge ari ingenzi?

Ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gushyiramo imyenda bifite itandukaniroimpedance y'amajwi n'umuvuduko w'amajwi.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gushyiramo imiyoboro birimo:

• PTFE
• Rubber
• Rubber ikomeye
• Sima yo mu bwoko bwa sima
• Epoxy
• Plasitike
• Izindi myenda yo kurinda

Iyo umuraba wa ultrasound uva mu kintu kimwe ujya mu kindi, igice cy'ingufu zawo gishobora kugaragara aho uhurira.

Urugero:

Urukuta rw'imiyoboro → Umwambaro → Amazi

Kuri buri buryo bwo guhuza, itandukaniro mu miterere y'amajwi rishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo ingufu za ultrasound zinjira mu bikoresho bikurikira.

Iyo itandukaniro ry'amajwi rikabije, ingufu nyinshi zishobora kugaragara kandi ingufu nke zishobora kugera kuri transducer yakira.

Ibi bishobora gutuma:

Imbaraga nke z'amajwi n'ibipimo by'amajwi bigoranye cyane.

3. Kuki ubunini bw'umugozi ari ingenzi?

Ubugari bw'umugozi nabwo ni ingenzi.

Umugozi muto ushobora kugira ingaruka nke, mu gihe umugozi munini ushobora kongera cyane uburebure bw'inzira y'amajwi mu bikoresho by'umugozi.

Uko ikimenyetso cya ultrasound kinyura mu gice cy'umubiri, igice cy'ingufu zacyo gishobora kugabanuka.

Bityo rero, imiterere y'ibipimo iterwa n'ibi bikurikira:

Ibikoresho byo mu gisenge + Ubunini bw'igisenge + Imiterere y'amajwi

Kubera iyo mpamvu, imiyoboro ibiri ifite umurambararo umwe n'ibikoresho byo hanze bimwe ishobora kwitwara mu buryo butandukanye iyo imiyoboro yayo y'imbere itandukanye.

Urugero:

Umuyoboro w'icyuma cya karuboni udafite igitambaro

na

Umuyoboro w'icyuma cya karuboni ufite agace kanini k'umupira

bishobora kugira imiterere itandukanye cyane yo kohereza ibyuma hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.

4. Kuki imitako ya Rubber na Plastiki ishobora kuba ingorabahizi?

Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byoroshye cyangwa bifite umuvuduko muto bishobora gutuma gupima icyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga bigorana.

Ingero zirimo zimwe na zimwe:

• Imiringa y'ibumba
• Imirongo ya PTFE
• Imitako ya pulasitiki

Umuraba wa ultrasound ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kugabanuka cyangwa kugaragara cyane iyo unyuze muri ibi bikoresho.

Ibi bishobora gutuma:

• Ingufu z'ikimenyetso zagabanutse
• Ingorane zo kubona ibimenyetso ziyongera
• Intera nto y'intera ikwiye ya transducer
• Gusobanukirwa cyane n'imiterere y'aho umuntu ashyirirwa

Ibi ntibivuze ko imiyoboro iriho imirongo idashobora gupimwa.

Ahubwo, igipimo cy'amazi kigomba gutoranywa neza no gushyirwaho hakurikijwe imiterere nyayo y'umuyoboro n'imiterere y'aho unyura.

5. Ni gute imiyoboro y'amazi igira ingaruka ku buryo transducer ishyirwa hagati?

Ku bipimo by'amazi bipima amashanyarazi bikoresha ikoranabuhanga (clamp-on ultrasonic flow meters), intera iri hagati ya transducer isanzwe ibarwa hashingiwe ku bipimo byinshi, birimo:

• Umurambararo w'umuyoboro
• Ubunini bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro
• Ibikoresho by'umuyoboro
• Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo imyenda
• Ubunini bw'umugozi
• Ubwoko bw'amazi
• Ubushyuhe bw'amazi
• Umuvuduko wa Ultrasonic unyuze mu bikoresho bitandukanye

Bityo rero, niba amakuru y’umurongo w’amazi yashyizwe mu gipimo cy’amazi atari yo, intera yabazwe hagati ya transducer na yo ishobora kuba itari yo.

Urugero, niba umuyoboro nyawo ufite umugozi wa mm 5 ariko igikoresho cyakozwe nk'umuyoboro w'icyuma udashyizwemo umurongo, inzira y'amajwi yabazwe ishobora kudahura neza n'imiterere nyayo y'umuyoboro nyawo.

Ibi bishobora gutuma kubona ibimenyetso bigorana kandi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yo gupima.

6. Ese icyuma gipima amazi gishobora kugira ikimenyetso gikomeye ku muyoboro urimo umurongo?

Yego.

Umuyoboro urimo umurongo ntabwo bivuze ko ikimenyetso cya ultrasound kizaba gito.

Imbaraga nyazo z'ikimenyetso ziterwa n'ingaruka zihuriweho za:

Ibikoresho by'imiyoboro + Ubunini bw'urukuta + Umwambaro + Amazi + Transducer + Gushyiraho

Gushyiramo neza ku muyoboro upfundikiye bishobora gutanga ikimenyetso gihamye kandi gikomeye cya ultrasound.

Kubwibyo, kuba hari agace k'imbere mu gitereko ntibikwiye gufatwa nk'ikimenyetso cyerekana ko gupima icyuma gikozwe muri ultrasound bidakwiye.

7. Ni gute Udupira tw'Umwotsi dushobora kongera ikibazo?

Imiyoboro ifite umurongo ishobora kandi kugaragaza ikindi kibazo gishobora kubaho: guhumeka k'umwuka.

Iyo umuyoboro utuzuye neza, cyangwa niba hari utubumbe tw'umwuka mu mazi, ikimenyetso cya ultrasound gishobora kugabanuka cyane cyangwa gukwirakwira.

Imiterere rusange ya:

Uduce duto cyane + Udupira tw'umwuka + Uduce duto duhuza neza

bishobora gutuma uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso bya ultrasound bigorana cyane.

Bityo rero, ahantu ho gushyiramo ibintu hagomba guhitamo nezaigice cyuzuye cy'imiyoboro, kure y'ahantu umwuka ushobora kwirunda.

8. Ni gute Injeniyeri zigomba gusuzuma umuyoboro wuzuye?

Mbere yo gushyiraho icyuma gipima amashanyarazi cya ultrasound, ni byiza gukusanya amakuru akurikira:

1. Umurambararo wo hanze y'umuyoboro
2. Ubunini bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro
3. Ibikoresho by'umuyoboro
4. Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo imyenda
5. Ubunini bw'umugozi
6. Ubwoko bw'amazi
7. Ubushyuhe bw'amazi
8. Umuvuduko utegerejwe wo gutembera
9. Imiterere y'umuyoboro
10. Uburebure bw'umuyoboro ugororotse buboneka

Aya makuru yemerera icyuma gipima ubwinshi bw'amajwi (flow meter) kumenya imiterere ikwiye y'amajwi n'intera ya transducer.

Ku porogaramu zigoye, igeragezwa ryakorewe aho hantu naryo rishobora kuba ingirakamaro mbere yo gushyirwaho burundu.

9. Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'ikibazo cy'uruhu rw'imbere mu gituza?

Ikibazo cy'amajwi gishingiye ku ruhu gishobora kugaragara nka:

• Ingufu nke z'ikimenyetso
• Imbaraga z'ikimenyetso zidahamye
• Ingorane zo kubona ikimenyetso cya ultrasound
• Isesengura ry'amazi ritari ryo cyangwa ridasobanutse neza
• Gutakaza ikimenyetso kenshi
• Uburyo bukomeye bwo kumva aho transducer iherereye

Ariko, ibi bimenyetso ntibisobanura ko igitambaro ubwacyo ari cyo cyonyine kibitera.

Ibimenyetso nk'ibyo bishobora no guterwa na:

• Uburyo bubi bwo guhuza transducer
• Intera itari yo hagati ya transducer
• Ubunini bw'urukuta rw'umuyoboro bukabije
• Udupira tw'umwuka
• Ibipimo by'imiyoboro bitari byo
• Kwangirika k'ubuso bw'imiyoboro
• Gutigita kw'imiyoboro

Bityo rero, gukemura ibibazo bigomba kuzirikana inzira yose y'amajwi aho kwibanda ku gice cyo hejuru gusa.

Umuyoboro w'amazi ugira ingaruka ku gupima urujya n'uruza rw'amazi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga kuko ikimenyetso cya ultrasound kigomba kunyura muurukuta rw'imiyoboro n'igitambaro mbere yo kwinjira mu mazi.

Ibikoresho byo mu gitereko n'ubugari bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ihererekanyamakuru ry'amajwi, kugabanuka kw'ibimenyetso, kugarura urumuri, ndetse n'intera ikenewe mu gukwirakwiza transducer.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bishobora gusobanurwa muri make nk'ibi bikurikira:

Ibikoresho by'imiyoboro + Ubunini bw'urukuta + Ibikoresho byo mu gisenge + Ubunini bw'igisenge + Imiterere y'amazi → Kohereza ijwi → Ubwiza bw'ikimenyetso → Gupima guhamye

Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo guhitamo no gushyiraho icyuma gipima amashanyarazi gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasound, umuyoboro w'amazi ugomba gufatwa nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'inzira yo gupima amajwi.

Umuyoboro urimo imigozi ntabwo ari ngombwa ko ubuza gupima ultrasound, ahubwoIbikoresho by'imbere n'ubugari bigomba gusuzumwa neza mu gihe cyo guhitamo icyuma gipima ubwinshi bw'amazi, gushyiraho ibipimo, no gushyiraho transducer.